eTable 1. Compilation of available data on the epidemiology of medial sclerosis in different populations (selection)*.
| Population | Number of subjects | Prevalence of medial sclerosis (%) | Methods | References |
| Pelvis/legs | ||||
| General population | 4 735 | 10 (total) 13.3 (men) 6.9 (women) 0.6 (total) 1.1 (men) 0.5 (women) 0.6 (total) |
ABI >1.3 ABI >1.5 >260 mm Hg |
(e1) |
| 48 294 | 2.5 (total) 2.8 (men) 2.2 (women) |
ABI >1.4 | (e2) | |
| 6 647 | 1.6 (total) | ABI ≥ 1.4 or noncompressible | (e3) | |
| Cardiovascular disease or high risk | 718 | 25 (total) 8.7 (total) |
CT (extremities) ABI >1.4 |
(e4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 623 | 9 (total) | BP difference >50 mm Hg or noncompressible | (e5) |
| 662 | 4.45 (total) | ABI ≥ 1.3 | (e6) | |
| 1 059 | 41.5 (total) | Radiography (plain) Femur |
(e7) | |
| 133 | 17.3 (total) 23 (men) 11 (women) |
Radiography (plain) Femur |
(e8) | |
| 250 |
20.4 (total) vs control 8 23.6 (total) vs control 8.8 |
Radiography (plain) Knee Feet |
(e9) | |
| Cardiovascular disease or high risk and diabetes | ||||
|
Risk Diabetes mellitus |
520 198 |
34 23.1 34.2 30.8 |
CT (dominant medial pattern) Femur Lower leg Femur Lower leg |
(e10) |
| Severe chronic kidney disease | 202 | 26.7 (total) | Radiography (plain) Pelvis and femur |
(e11) |
| Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) | 204 |
75 93.5 80.5 57.9 85 78.6 |
CT (full body) Foot Lower leg Femur Pelvis Abdominal aorta Thoracic aorta |
(e12) |
| PAOD (critical chronic leg ischemia or amputation) | 1 413 | 24.8 | ABI > 1.4 | (e13) |
| Suspected stroke | ||||
| Internal carotid artery, intracranial | 1 132 | 46.9 | CT (head) | (e14) |
* The considerable differences in reported data presumably reflect different testing methods (ABI, radiography, CT), different cut-off values for ABI (1.3; 1.4; 1.5; noncompressible, pressure difference, >260 mm Hg), and different age distributions in the studied populations.
ABI, ankle-brachial index; CT, computed tomography; PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease; vs, versus