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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Jun 28;82(7):631–647. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.05.038

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Aging Hallmarks and Cardiovascular Disease

Heat map providing a visual representation of the strength of evidence in the literature implicating hallmarks of aging in cardiovascular disease (CVD). See Supplemental Figure 1 for added detail regarding the associated references. A, Genomic stability and systolic hypertension. B, Genomic stability and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). C, Genomic instability and atrial fibrillation. D, Epigenetics and amyloid. E, Epigenetics and systolic hypertension. F, Telomere modification and atrial fibrillation. G, Loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid. H, Deregulated nutrient sensing and atrial fibrillation.