Table 1.
Summary of the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) included in this two-sample MR study.
| Exposures/outcomes | Dataset | Sample size | Number of SNPs | Population | Consortium | Sex | Year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter (PM) | PM2.5 um | ukb-b-10,817 | 423,796 | 9,851,867 | European | MRC-IEU | Males and Females | 2018 |
| PM2.5 um | ukb-e-24006_EAS | 2,505 | 8,268,350 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| PM2.5–10 um | ukb-b-12,963 | 423,796 | 9,851,867 | European | MRC-IEU | Males and Females | 2018 | |
| PM2.5–10 um | ukb-e-24008_EAS | 2,505 | 8,268,350 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| PM10 um | ukb-b-589 | 455,314 | 9,851,867 | European | MRC-IEU | Males and Females | 2018 | |
| PM10 um | ukb-e-24005_EAS | 2,505 | 8,268,350 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| Nitrogen dioxide | ukb-b-2,618 | 456,380 | 9,851,867 | European | MRC-IEU | Males and Females | 2018 | |
| Nitrogen dioxide | ukb-e-24016_EAS | 2,625 | 8,260,777 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| Nitrogen oxides | ukb-b-12,417 | 456,380 | 9,851,867 | European | MRC-IEU | Males and Females | 2018 | |
| Nitrogen oxides | ukb-e-24004_EAS | 2,625 | 8,260,777 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| Primary liver cancer | finn-b-C3_LIVER_INTRAHEPATIC_BILE_DUCTS | 218,752 | 16,380,466 | European | NA | Males and Females | 2021 | |
| Primary liver cancer | bbj-a-158 | 197,611 | 8,885,115 | Asian (East Asia) | NA | Males and Females | 2019 | |
| Alpha-fetoprotein | prot-a-53 | 3,301 | 10,534,735 | European | NA | Males and Females | 2018 | |
| Osteopontin | ebi-a-GCST90010244 | 1,322 | 18,221,494 | European | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
| Glypican-3 | prot-c-4842_62_2 | 3,301 | 501,428 | European | NA | Males and Females | 2019 | |
| Arginase-1 | ebi-a-GCST90010286 | 1,072 | 17,593,887 | European | NA | Males and Females | 2020 | |
PM: Particulate matter; MR: Mendelian randomization; GWAS: Genome-wide association studies; SNPs: Single nucleotide polymorphisms; NA: No data.