Table 1.
Formulation and proximate analyses of the experimental diets containing different lipid levels.
| Ingredient | High lipid | Low lipid |
|---|---|---|
| g/kg, as-fed basis | ||
| Fish meal | 250.0 | 250.0 |
| Soybean meal | 240.0 | 240.0 |
| Corn meal | 161.6 | 241.6 |
| Meat and bone meal | 60.0 | 70.0 |
| Wheat gluten | 120.0 | 110.0 |
| Fish oil | 60.0 | 30.0 |
| Soybean oil | 70.0 | 20.0 |
| Other ingredients† | 38.4 | 38.4 |
| Proximate composition (g/kg dry matter) | ||
| Crude protein | 400.5 | 401.3 |
| Total lipid | 179.3 | 98.4 |
| Ash | 70.0 | 80.5 |
| Carbohydrate†† | 250.0 | 320.0 |
| Moisture | 108.1 | 105.4 |
| Gross energy (kJ/g)‡‡ | 20.0 | 19.9 |
†Other ingredients: dicalcium phosphate 3.0 g/kg; mineral premix† 10.0 g/kg; vitamin premix§ 10.0 g/kg; antifungus Toxiban premix 10.0 g/kg; antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) 0.2 g/kg; phytase 0.2 g/kg; lysine 4.0 g/kg; methionine 1.0 g/kg. Diet components were purchased from the Animal & Aquatic Feed store (Arak, Markazi, Iran). †1 kg mineral supplementation contained Co, 100; I, 400; Se, 20; Zn, 10,000; Fe, 6,000; Cu, 600; and Mn, 5,000. §5 kg vitamin supplementation 0.5% contained vitamin A 80,000 IU/kg; vitamin D3 2,000 IU/kg; vitamin k 20 mg/kg; thiamin 60 mg/kg; riboflavin 60 mg/kg; pyridoxine 100 mg/kg; pantothenic acid 150 mg/kg; niacin 300 mg/kg; biothin 2 mg/kg; folic acid 20 mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.1 mg/kg; inositol 300 mg/kg; ascorbic acid 600 mg/kg; and choline chloride 3000 mg/kg. ††Carbohydrate = 100 − (crude protein + crude lipid + ash + moisture). ‡‡Estimated gross energy was calculated based on 1 g crude protein being 23.6 kj, 1 g crude lipid being 39.5 kj, and 1 g carbohydrate being 17.2 kj. NRC (2011).