Table 2.
Association between intake of total dietary fiber on mid-pregnancy and development delay at the age of 3 years.
| Subscales in ASQ-3 | Communication | Gross motor | Fine motor | Problem solving | Personal-social | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Total dietary fiber (g/1,000 kcal/day) | ||||||||||
| Q5 (≥7.56) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Q4 (6.39– < 7.56) | 1.14 (1.01–1.29) | 1.19 (1.04–1.37) | 0.99 (0.89–1.10) | 1.03 (0.91–1.17) | 1.09 (1.00–1.19) | 1.11 (1.01–1.23) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 1.07 (0.97–1.19) | 1.11 (0.98–1.27) | 1.13 (0.97–1.30) |
| Q3 (5.51– < 6.39) | 1.26 (1.12–1.42) | 1.31 (1.15–1.51) | 1.05 (0.94–1.16) | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) | 1.17 (1.06–1.29) | 1.21 (1.11–1.32) | 1.23 (1.12–1.36) | 1.12 (0.98–1.27) | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) |
| Q2 (4.62– < 5.51) | 1.37 (1.22–1.54) | 1.41 (1.23–1.61) | 1.03 (0.93–1.15) | 1.07 (0.95–1.21) | 1.25 (1.15–1.37) | 1.24 (1.12–1.37) | 1.26 (1.16–1.38) | 1.30 (1.17–1.44) | 1.21 (1.07–1.37) | 1.26 (1.09–1.46) |
| Q1 (< 4.62) | 1.48 (1.32–1.66) | 1.51 (1.32–1.74) | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.50 (1.38–1.64) | 1.45 (1.32–1.61) | 1.43 (1.31–1.55) | 1.46 (1.32–1.61) | 1.33 (1.17–1.51) | 1.30 (1.12–1.50) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.186 | 0.043 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
cOR, crude odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ASQ-3, Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition. Boldface indicates significance (p < 0.05).
Adjusted for maternal smoking and drinking during pregnancy, maternal age at birth, pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal and paternal education levels, annual household income, child sex, mode of delivery, birthweight, gestational age at birth, older siblings, attendance a childcare facility at 1 year of age, breastfeeding until 1 year of age, mother's K6 scores during pregnancy and when her child was 1 year of age, caretaker other than the child's mother at 1 year of age, and attachment bond when her child was 1 year of age.