TABLE 1.
Synopsis of included quantitative studies.
| Study author (year) | Country | Study design | Study setting | Study participants | Sample | Moral distress data collection measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Abdolmaleki et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Emergency departments | Emergency department nurses | 173 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Ajoudani et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Teaching hospitals | Nurses | 278 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Alberto Fruet et al. (2019) |
Brazil | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Haematology‐Oncology | Nurses, nursing technicians and nursing assistants | 46 | Moral Distress Scale (MDS) – Brazilian Version |
|
Altaker et al. (2018) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care | Intensive care nurses | 238 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Asayesh et al. (2018) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care | Intensive care nurses | 117 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Asgari et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Social security hospitals | Critical care nurses | 142 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Bayat et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospitals | Nurses | 300 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Berhie et al. (2020) |
Ethiopia | Cross‐sectional survey | Regional state referral hospital | Nurses | 412 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
|
Borhani et al. (2014) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Teaching hospital | Nurses | 220 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Browning (2013) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Critical care units | Critical care nurses | 277 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Christodoulou‐Fella et al. (2017) |
Cyprus | Cross‐sectional survey | Psychiatric care | Psychiatric nurses | 206 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Davis et al. (2012) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Registered Nurses | 1114 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Delfrate et al. (2018) |
Italy | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Registered psychiatric nurses | 228 | Canciani et al.'s (2016) Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric Nurses (Italian, revised) |
|
Dodek et al. (2019) |
Canada | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care units | Intensive care nurses | 428 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Dyo et al. (2016) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Registered Nurses | 279 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Emmamally and Chiyangwa (2020) |
South Africa | Cross‐sectional survey | Private Hospital | Critical care nurses | 74 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
|
Evanovich Zavotsky and Chan (2016) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Emergency department | Emergency Department nurses | 198 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
| Fard et al. (2020) | Iran | Cross‐sectional survey. | Public and private hospitals | Nurses | 150 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Fernandez‐Parsons et al. (2013) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Emergency department | Emergency Department Registered Nurses | 51 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
|
Ganz et al. (2013) |
Israel | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care units | Intensive care nurses | 291 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Haghighinezhad et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care units | Intensive care nurses | 284 | Iranian ICU Nurses' Moral Distress Scale |
|
Hamaideh (2014) N = 130 |
Jordan | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospitals and clinics | Mental health nurses | 130 | Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric Nurses |
| Harorani et al. (2019) | Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: ICU, cardiac care and dialysis units | Nurses | 300 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Hatamizadeh et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Nurses | 276 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Hiler et al. (2018) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospitals: Critical care units | Critical care nurses | 328 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
| Hou et al. (2021) | China | Cross‐sectional survey | Public hospitals: emergency department | Emergency department nurses | 291 | Sun et al.'s (2012) Chinese Version of Moral Distress Scale‐Revised (MDS‐R) |
|
Karanikola et al. (2014) Italy |
Italy | Cross‐sectional survey | International nursing conference | Intensive care nurses | 556 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
| Krautscheid et al. (2020) | United States | Pilot, cross‐sectional survey | University | Senior nursing students | 60 | Wocial and Weaver's (2013) moral distress thermometer (MDT) |
|
Latimer et al. (2021) |
United States | Pilot, cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Ventricular assistance device (VAD) coordinators (nurses) | 36 | Measure of Moral Distress for Health Professionals (Epstein et al., 2019). |
|
Laurs et al. (2020) |
Lithuania | Cross‐sectional survey | Municipal hospitals | Registered Nurses | 612 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
| Moaddaby et al. (2021) | Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospitals: Intensive care units | Intensive care nurses | 155 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
O'Connell (2015) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Internet nursing community | Critical care nurses | 31 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Pergert et al. (2019) |
Sweden | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: oncology department | Paediatric nurses | 278 | Swedish Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Rathert et al. (2016) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Trauma hospitals | Trauma nurses | 290 | Study‐specific and included one item about moral distress |
|
Robaee et al. (2018) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Nurses | 110 | The ICU nurses' Moral Distress Scale |
|
Sarkoohijabalbarezi et al. (2017) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Paediatric nurses | 120 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
|
Soleimani et al. (2019) |
Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Nurses | 193 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
|
Trautmann et al. (2015) |
United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Emergency department | Emergency department nurse practitioners | 207 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised. |
| Wands (2018) | United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Registered Nurse anaesthetists | 134 | Ethical Stress Scale (ESS) |
| Wilson et al. (2013) | United States | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Critical care nurses | Critical care nurses | 105 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |
|
Woods et al. (2015) |
New Zealand | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital | Registered Nurses | 412 | Hamric et al. (2012) Moral Distress Scale‐Revised |
| Yeganeh et al. (2019) | Iran | Cross‐sectional survey | Hospital: Intensive care | Intensive care nurses | 180 | Corley et al.'s (2001) Moral Distress Scale |