TABLE 2.
Synopsis of included qualitative studies.
| Study author and year country | Country | Study design | Study setting | Participants | Sample size | Data collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atashzadeh Shorideh et al. (2012) | Iran | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital | Intensive care nurses and educators | 31 | Individual interviews |
|
Caram et al. (2019) |
Brazil | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital: Intensive care and surgical units | Intensive care and surgical nurses | 13 | Observation and semi‐structured interviews |
| Choe et al. (2015) | South Korea | Phenomenology | Hospital: Critical care setting | Critical care nurses | 14 | In‐depth, individual interviews |
|
Crespo Drago et al. (2020) |
Brazil | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital | Nurse managers | 17 | Individual interviews and comic book completion |
| Deady and McCarthy (2010) | Ireland | Qualitative descriptive research | Acute psychiatric wards | Registered psychiatric nurses | 8 | Individual interviews |
| De Brasi et al. (2021) | Italy | Phenomenology | Hospital | Onco‐haematology nurses | 28 | Individual interviews |
| de Sousa Vilela et al. (2021) | Brazil | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital: Intensive care | Intensive care nurses | 12 | Individual interviews |
| Escolar Chua and Magpantay (2019) | Philippines | Qualitative descriptive research | University | Senior nursing students | 14 | Individual interviews |
| Forozeiya et al. (2019) | Canada | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital: Intensive care | Intensive care nurses | 7 | Individual interviews |
| Harrowing and Mill (2010) | Uganda | Ethnographic study | Referral centre | Nurses | 24 | Ethnographic methods |
| Hsun‐Kuei et al. (2018) | Taiwan | Grounded theory | Teaching hospitals | Staff nurses | 25 | Interviews |
|
Jansen et al. (2020) |
Norway | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospitals | Registered Psychiatric nurse specialists | 16 | Individual interviews |
| Ko et al. (2019) | Taiwan | Phenomenology | Hospital | Nurses | 32 | Individual interviews |
|
Maluwa et al. (2012) |
Malawi | Qualitative descriptive research | Various settings in one region of Malawi | Nurses | 20 | Individual interviews |
| Musto and Schreiber (2012) | Canada | Grounded Theory | Inpatient and community care | Registered Nurses and registered psychiatric nurses | 12 | Individual interviews |
| Nikbakht Nasrabadi et al. (2018) | Iran | Phenomenology | Hospital | Nurse managers | 14 | Individual interviews |
| Pavlish et al. (2016) | United States | Qualitative descriptive research | Association of nurse leaders | Nurse leaders | 100 | Critical incident narratives |
| Porr et al. (2019) | Canada | Grounded theory | Community | Registered Nurses | 24 | Individual interviews |
| Prestia et al. (2017) | United States | Qualitative exploratory study | Various states across the United States | Chief Nursing Officers | 20 | Individual interviews |
| Reader (2015) | United States | Narrative research | University | Nursing students | 15 | Individual interviews |
|
Renno et al. (2018) |
Brazil | Qualitative descriptive research | University | Undergraduate nursing students | 58 | Focus group interviews |
|
Rezaee et al. (2019) |
Iran | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospitals | Oncology nurses | 25 | Individual interviews |
|
Ritchie et al. (2018) |
Canada | Qualitative descriptive research | Urban setting in Western Canada | Nurse practitioners | 6 | Individual interviews |
| Robinson and Stinson (2016) | United States | Phenomenology | Hospital: Emergency department | Emergency department nurses | 8 | Individual interviews |
|
Silverman et al. (2021) |
United States | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital | Acute care nurses | 31 | Individual interviews and focus groups |
| Wiegand and Funk (2012) | United States | Qualitative descriptive study | Hospital | Critical care nurses | 47 | Open‐ended survey |
| Wojtowicz et al. (2014) | Canada | Naturalistic Enquiry | University | Nursing students | 7 | Individual interviews |
|
Wolf et al. (2016) |
United States | Qualitative exploratory research | Conference | Emergency department nurses | 17 | Focus groups |
|
Woods (2020) |
New Zealand | Qualitative descriptive research | Hospital | Nurses | 140 | Qualitative survey |