Table 3. Labor outcomes for the control and intervention groups.
| Variable | Control group (n = 156) | Intervention group (n = 99) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time until the active phase, hours (mean [SD]) | 8.7 (8.0) | 7.8 (7.1) | 0.241 |
| Duration of the active phase, hours (mean [SD]) | 3.1 (2.1) | 2.9 (2.0) | 0.584 |
| Duration of the 2nd stage of labor, minutes (mean [SD]) | 33.4 (31) | 35.8 (35.6) | 0.701 |
| Occipitoposterior varieties (n [%]) | 22 (33.8) | 15 (33.3) | 0.955 |
| Breech presentations (n [%]) | 8 (5.1) | 2 (2.0) | 0.218 |
| Epidural analgesia (n [%]) | 134 (97.1) | 87 (92.6) | 0.110 |
| Episiotomy (n [%]) | 87 (66.4) | 65 (72.2) | 0.450 |
| 3rd or 4th grade perineal lacerations (n [%]) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0.082 |
| Cesarean delivery (n [%]) | 50 (32.1) | 27 (27.3) | 0.418 |
| Failure to progress in labor (n [%]) | 20 (40.0) | 7 (25.9) | 0.217 |
| Non-reassuring fetal state (n [%]) | 15 (30.0) | 13 (48.1) | 0.114 |
| Abnormal fetal presentation (n [%]) | 9 (18.0) | 2 (7.4) | 0.311 |
| Other indication (n [%]) | 6 (12.0) | 5 (18.5) | 0.503 |
| Instrumental vaginal delivery (n [%]) | 24 (15.4) | 20 (20.2) | 0.321 |
| Failure to progress in labor (n [%]) | 14 (58.3) | 13 (65.0) | 0.651 |
| Non-reassuring fetal state (n [%]) | 9 (37.5) | 7 (35.0) | 0.864 |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation.