Table 2. Distribution of gestational and dietary intake characteristics according to the glycemic index.
| Variables | GI | p-value * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 54.1–57.4 (n = 72) | 57.5–58.2 (n = 73) | 58.3–60.5 (n = 72) | ||
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Energy, Kcal | 1,950.7 (553.0) | 1,963.7 (629.5) | 1,743.6 (682.2) | 0.061 |
| Protein, g/1000 Kcal | 44.7 (9.9) | 41.9 (12.2) | 46.1 (12.2) | 0.093 |
| Carbohydrate, g/1000 Kcal | 128.8 (19.4) | 129.1 (20.4) | 123.2 (20.9) | 0.150 |
| Dietary fiber, g | 20.0 (10.5) | 19.7 (9.8) | 15.1 (6.3) | 0.005¥ |
| Soluble fiber, g | 6.9 (4.0) | 6.4 (3.3) | 5.4 (2.7) | 0.071 |
| Insoluble fiber, g | 9.4 (5.9) | 9.7 (6.6) | 7.0 (3.7) | 0.008¥ |
| Lipids, g/1,000 Kcal | 33.8 (6.7) | 34.8 (7.3) | 35.4 (8.7) | 0.435 |
| SFA, g/1,000 Kcal | 10.8 (3.2) | 9.8 (3.0) | 9.8 (3.1) | 0.065 |
| PFA, g/1,000 Kcal | 6.4 (3.7) | 6.6 (3.4) | 7.2 (3.7) | 0.250¥ |
| MFA, g/1,000 Kcal | 8.8 (2.5) | 8.6 (3.0) | 9.3 (3.4) | 0.354 |
| Glycemic load | 141.3 (26.1) | 143.7 (38.4) | 124.5 (32.2) | 0.002¥ |
| Energy under-reporting, % | 44 (61.1) | 49 (67.1) | 53 (73.6) | 0.279 |
| Socioeconomic profile | ||||
| Age, years old | 27.6 (6.3) | 27.3 (7.2) | 26.8 (6.9) | 0.284 |
| Marital Status, married (%) | 45 (62.5) | 55 (75.3) | 47 (65.3) | 0.311 |
| Nutritional status | ||||
| Gestational age, weeks | 12.6 (0.9) | 12.8 (0.8) | 12.6 (0.9) | 0.307 |
| Prepregnancy BMI,1 kg/m2 | 24.5 (3.7) | 25.2 (4.1) | 25.0 (4.6) | 0.199 |
| Gestational BMI,2 kg/m2 | 24.9 (3.2) | 25.5 (4.2) | 25.8 (4.6) | 0.204 |
| Pre-BMI,1 excess weight (%) | 26 (36.1) | 30 (41.1) | 39 (54.2) | 0.078 |
| 2 Gestational BMI, excess weight (%) | 36 (50.6) | 37 (50.7) | 48 (66.7) | 0.074 |