Table 3.

In vivo Nanotechnology-based gel in skin scarring

Nanomaterial	biomolecule or drug	Model	Major outcomes	Ref
In situ gel composed of self-assembled lattice nanostructures	PFD	Mouse deep partial thickness (DPT) burn	Scar inhibition: accelerated healing process and shortened inflammation phase	[76]
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/aldehyde-modified CNC (DACNC) nanocomposite self-healing hydrogels	—	Rat deep partial thickness burn model	Prevent scarring; accelerated deep partial thickness burn wound healing	[77]
Nanoethosome Gels	ALA	Rabbit HS models	Improved HS; remodeling collagen fibers	[78]
Gelatin methacryloyl-dopamine(GelMA-DOPA) hydrogel	CONPs and an antimicrobial peptide (AMP)	Rat wound and infection model	Decreased scar formation; accelerated wound healing.	[79]
AgNPs gels	—	Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius(MRSP) infected mice wound model	Reduced scar appearance; improved collagen fiber alignment and reduced pus formation	[80]
Fe-SiO2 nano composites membrane and hydrogel	Curcumin	Mouse full-thickness skin wound model	Inhibiting scar hyperplasia; promoting hair follicle regeneration.	[81]
Nanoethosomes gel	IR-808	Rabbit ear HS model	Remarkable therapeutic effects on improving the HS appearance, promoting HSF apoptosis and remodeling collagen fibers	[82]
Self-assembled peptide-hydrogels	Resveratrol	Rat full-thickness skin wound model	Scar inhibition; Accelerated wound healing, well-organized collagen deposition, reduced inflammation	[83]
Composite hydrogel is composed of modified polycaprolactone nanofiber with plasma treatment	—	Mouse full-thickness skin wound model	No obvious scar; promotion of skin wound healing	[84]