TABLE 1.

Current therapeutic strategies against mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.

Compound name	Advantages	Disadvantages	References
Minocycline	Antioxidant properties	Clinical trials do not confirm neuroprotective effects	Investigators (2006), Quintero et al. (2006), Antonenko et al. (2010), Howard et al. (2020)
	Reduces mitochondrial calcium overloading
	Easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier
Polyphenols (Curcumin and Resveratrol)	Antioxidants properties	Poor absorption and low bioavailability	Quintero et al. (2006), Sandoval-Acuna et al. (2014), Naoi et al. (2019), Pannu and Bhatnagar (2019)
	Induce mitochondrial biogenesis
Vitamins (A, B3, D, E)	Antioxidant properties	Daily dosage and controversial results	Etminan et al. (2005), Hiller et al. (2018), Marie et al. (2021)
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)	An enhancer of the electron transport chain activity	Therapeutic benefits are associated with high doses (2.4 g/day)	Shults et al. (2002)
Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors	Inhibitors of dopamine metabolism	Adverse effects, including confusion and hallucinations	Guay (2006), Carradori et al. (2016)
	Prevents free oxidative radical formation
Creatine	Promotes mitochondrial ATP production	Clinical trials do not confirm neuroprotective effects	Matthews et al. (1999), Investigators (2006), Investigators (2008)
Mitoquinone (MitoQ)	Protection against oxidative damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation	Clinical trials do not confirm neuroprotective effects	Doughan and Dikalov (2007), Snow et al. (2010), Aimaiti et al. (2021)