Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Patient Characteristics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Glioblastoma (n = 91) | Non-Early Venous Filling (n = 44) | Early Venous Filling (n = 47) | p | ||
| Age in years, median, IQR | 64 (52–71) | 59 (45–71.8) | 66 (57–71) | 0.15 | |
| Men, n (%) | 61 (67.0) | 28 (63.6) | 33 (70.2) | 0.5 | |
| Lesion of tumor | |||||
| Right, n (%) | 42 (46.2) | 13 (29.6) | 29 (61.7) | 0.007 | |
| Left, n (%) | 41 (45.1) | 25 (56.8) | 16 (34.0) | ||
| Middle, n (%) | 8 (0.9) | 6 (13.6) | 2 (4.3) | ||
| Neopallium, n (%) | 81 (90.0) | 37 (86.1) | 44 (93.6) | 0.23 | |
| Non-neopallium, n (%) | 9 (10) | 6 (13.9) | 3 (4.4) | ||
| Baseline neurological findings | |||||
| Modified Rankin Scale, median, IQR | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.54 | |
| Karnofsky Performance Status, median, IQR | 70 (50–80) | 70 (52.5–90) | 70 (50–80) | 0.39 | |
| MRI findings | |||||
| Tumor size enhanced lesion, mm median, IQR | 4.9 (3.9–5.8) | 4.9 (2.8–6) | 4.9 (4.1–5.7) | 0.47 | |
| Tumor size FLAIR high-intensity lesion, mm median, IQR | 7.7 (5.6–9.2) | 7.8 (5.3–9.3) | 7.5 (6.1–9.0) | 0.74 | |
| Angiographical findings | |||||
| Dural feeder, n (%) | 8 (8.9) | 0 (0) | 8 (17.4) | 0.006 | |
| The degree of removal | |||||
| Biopsy, n (%) | 10 (11.0) | 7 (15.9) | 3 (6.4) | 0.19 | |
| Maximum safe removal, n (%) | 81 (89.0) | 37 (84.1) | 44 (93.6) | ||
| Maximum safe removal | Partial removal, n (%) | 20 (22.0) | 10 (22.7) | 10 (21.3) | 0.65 |
| Total (>90%) removal, n (%) | 61 (67.0) | 27 (61.4) | 34 (72.3) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy | |||||
| Non-adjuvant therapy, n (%) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0.22 | |
| Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, n (%) | 87 (95.6) | 40 (90.9) | 47 (100) | ||
| Only radiation therapy, n (%) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0) | ||
| Others, n (%) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0) | ||
| Avastin, n (%) | 26 (28.6) | 13 (29.6) | 13 (27.7) | 1 | |
| Molecular features | |||||
| IDH mutation, n (%) | 3 (3.8) | 3 (8.1) | 0 (0) | 0.09 | |
| MGMT methylation, n (%) | 23 (32.4) | 13 (39.4) | 10 (26.3) | 0.24 | |
| MIB1 index, median, IQR | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.83 | |
| Follow-up | |||||
| Reoperation, n (%) | 17 (18.7) | 9 (17.0) | 8 (20.5) | 0.67 | |
| Follow-up duration, months median, IQR | 17 (9–26) | 21.5 (12–34.8) | 14 (8–21) | 0.01 | |