Figure 5.

Comparison of galectins-1, -3, and -9 concentrations based on patient exposure to immunological, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy, “Systemic Therapy”. Galectin concentrations were measured from serum samples of breast cancer patients by ELISA assays. Patients were classified using the status of receiving any form of immunological, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy. The serum concentrations of galectins of patients who were exposed vs. not exposed to systemic therapy were compared alone (A), by stage (B), and by molecular subtype (C). Two-group comparisons were made by t-test. Multiple comparisons were performed with one-way ANOVA, with subsequent analysis of all pairs using Student’s t-test if the ANOVA’s probability > F was less than 0.05. * One-tail t-test.