Table 3.
Performance evaluation of the proposed model for the estimation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by using three evaluation standards: the IEEE standard, the BHS standard, and the AAMI standard. MAE: mean absolute error, MAPD: mean absolute percentage differences, CP: cumulative percentages, ME: mean differences, SD: standard deviations.
| Assessment Evaluation | IEEE Standard | AAMI Standard | BHS Standards | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAD (≤4 mmHg) |
MAPD (%) | Grade | ME (<5 mmHg) | SD (<8 mmHg) | CP5 (>60%) | CP10 (>85%) | CP15 (>95%) | Grade | |
| LSTM proposed model | |||||||||
| SBP | 14.281 | 0.12 | D | −0.49 | 20.7 | 30.92 | 53.07 | 67.37 | D |
| DBP | 7.53 | 0.133 | C | −0.21 | 10.01 | 45.14 | 72.02 | 86 | C |
| LSTM–autoencoder proposed model | |||||||||
| SBP | 26.94 | 0.11 | D | −0.93 | 19.01 | 27 | 52.5 | 68.70 | D |
| DBP | 5.71 | 0.01 | B | −0.56 | 7.67 | 56.67 | 83.8 | 92.98 | B |
| CNN–LSTM proposed model | |||||||||
| SBP | 5.34 | 0.04 | B | 0.13 | 7.04 | 63.4 | 85.9 | 92.78 | B |
| DBP | 2.89 | 0.05 | A | 0.48 | 3.79 | 81.70 | 98.28 | 100 | A |