Figure 2.

Central tenets and objectives of precision medicine. The current “precision medicine” model is proposed to precisely classify patients into subgroups sharing a common biological basis of diseases for more effective tailored treatment (TT) to achieve improved outcomes. With rapid progress in various omics, targeted therapies, functional precision medicine (FPM) models, comprehensive electron health records (EHRs), and big data analytics in the last two decades, we are able to divide many common diseases into subtypes and sub-subtypes and are able to develop tailored medicine for many of those sub-subtypes. With continued efforts, we will achieve more accurate and precise treatment for individual patients.