Table 2.

Ocular manifestations of SLE

Ocular Structure	Common Ocular Manifestations
Eyelids	Discoid lupus of the eyelids
Cornea and conjunctiva	Commonly- KCS, conjunctivitis Others include superficial punctate and interstitial keratitis, PUK
Sclera	Episcleritis/scleritis
Uvea	Uveitis, ischemic choroidopathy, choroidal vasculitis
Retina	Commonly- vascular occlusions (venous and arterial) Others include cotton wool spots, hemorrhages, vasculitis, proliferative retinopathy, pseudo-RP–like retinopathy, serous detachments
Neuro-ophthalmic	VI nerve palsy, optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, INO, pupil and oculomotor abnormalities, hemianopia and amaurosis, visual hallucinations, geniculocalcarine blindness
Orbit	Myositis, pseudotumor, trochlearitis, vasculitis, paniculitis

INO=internuclear ophthalmoplegia, KCS=keratoconjunctivitis sicca, PUK=peripheral ulcerative keratitis, RP=retinitis pigmentosa, SLE=systemic lupus erythematosus