Table 2.
Top four metabolites implicated in diabetic complications.
| Specific to Diabetic Retinopathy Only (DR) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolites | Fold Change | VIP | p Value |
| P-octopamine | −1.18 | 2.83 | 0.014 |
| Pantothenate | 1.25 | 2.51 | 0.034 |
| Deoxyguanosine-monophophate | 1.48 | 2.37 | 0.019 |
| Methylglutarylcarnitine | 1.86 | 2.12 | 0.037 |
| Specific to Diabetic Kidney Disease Only (DKD) | |||
| Metabolites | Fold Change | VIP | p Value |
| N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide | 1.52 | 2.59 | <0.001 |
| D-Erythrose | 1.21 | 2.26 | 0.002 |
| DL-3-Indolelactic Acid | 1.26 | 2.17 | <0.001 |
| Adipate | −1.18 | 2.09 | 0.007 |
| Specific to Diabetic Retinopathy Associated to Diabetic Kidney Disease (DR + DKD) | |||
| Metabolites | Fold Change | VIP | p Value |
| Methylguanidine | 1.89 | 2.42 | <0.001 |
| N-acetylneuraminate | 1.73 | 2.37 | <0.001 |
| Arabinose | 1.70 | 2.37 | <0.001 |
| Mevalolactone | 1.30 | 2.32 | <0.001 |