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. 2023 Jul 31;24(15):12248. doi: 10.3390/ijms241512248

Figure 8.

Figure 8

The levels of QA and KYNA in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex by surgical types and LPS administrations (n = 6). (A) QA levels in the hippocampus, (B) QA levels in the cerebral cortex, (C) KYNA levels in the hippocampus, (D) KYNA levels in the cerebral cortex, (E) KYNA/QA ratio in the hippocampus, (F) KYNA/QA ratio in the cerebral cortex. * indicates p < 0.05 versus BCCAL + saline and # indicates p < 0.05 versus BCCAL + LPS. Values are expressed in mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Abbreviations: QA: quinolinic acid; KYNA: kynurenic acid; HP: hippocampus; CC: cerebral cortex; BCCAL: bilateral common carotid artery ligation; LPS: lipopolysaccharide.