Figure 1.

Molecular docking binding affinity of plastic polymers for macrophages, CD4⁺ T cells, and CD8⁺ T cells. Structures of (A) ethylene, (B) propylene, and (C) styrene. (D–F) Three-dimensional structures of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for macrophages, CD4 for CD4⁺ T cells, and CD8 for CD8⁺ T cells were obtained from the PDB database. The white boxes of the polymer binding sites are enlarged in the second panels. The binding affinity scores are shown at the bottom of the first panels.