AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALSP	Axonal spheroids and pigmented glia
ASD	Autism spectrum disorder
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CNS	Central nervous system
CSF-1	Colony-stimulating factor
CSF1R	Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor
CX3CR1	CX3C chemokine receptor 1
DAMP	Damage-associated molecular pattern
DAP12	DNAX activation protein 12
EC	Endothelial cell
FIZZ	Found in inflammatory zone
GAM	Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages
HDC	Histidine decarboxylase
IFN	Interferon
IGF-1	Insulin-like growth factor-1
IL	Interleukin
iNOS	Inducible NO synthase
1,25D3	1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MDSC	Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
MECP2	X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex
MPTP	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kB
NHD	Nasu–Hakola disease
NO	Nitric oxide
NRROS	Negative regulator of reactive oxygen species
PAMP	Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
PD	Parkinson’s disease
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RTT	Rett syndrome
RXR	Retinoid X receptor
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
TREM	Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells
TS	Tourette syndrome
USP18	Ubiquitin-specific protease 18
VD3	Vitamin D3
VDR	Vitamin D receptor
VDRe	Vitamin-D-responsive element