Figure 5.

Schematic summary. Many radioprotective natural products were searched for in the literature. Using these natural product candidates, their miRNA changes were retrieved. In view of the miRNAs, the potential targets for modulating radiation and exosome biogenesis were predicted by the bioinformatic tool miRDB. Literature reports also demonstrate that these miRNAs can regulate responses to radiation and exosome biogenesis. Interestingly, radioprotective natural products may modulate several miRNAs, and, in turn, miRNAs exert radioprotection/radiosensitization and exosome biogenesis in terms of miRDB target prediction. Some natural products may have radioprotective and radiosensitizing effects. Detailed investigations into the radiomodulation of natural products are warranted. Moreover, most of the abovementioned miRNAs are bifunctional for radiation and exosome biogenesis modulation, suggesting that their interaction may modulate the radiomodulation effects of natural products.