(A) The EFS for patients treated for hematologic relapse or refractory leukemia with or without censoring consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. (B) The OS for patients treated for hematologic relapse or refractory leukemia with or without transplantation. (C) Comparisons of EFS and (D) OS between patients who did or did not receive consolidative allogeneic transplantation after CAR T-cell therapy. Transplant was regarded as a time-dependent factor; consequently, the initial total number at risk in the no-transplant group equaled the full sample size (indicated by an asterisk). (E) Cumulative incidence of B-cell recovery as defined by the detection of ≥ 1% CD19+ lymphocytes in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood samples by flow cytometry. Dashed lines denote 95% CI. (F) Landmark EFS analyses for patients with persistent B-cell aplasia reaching 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, and ≥ 6 months. Tick marks indicate the time of censoring. CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; EFS, event-free survival; OS, overall survival.