Figure 1.

Forming Simmons in descending aorta. (a) Advancing wire and Simmons to descending aorta, (b) pulling back the wire and placing the catheter on the edge of the aorta, (c) pushing and rotating Simmons, (d) rotating Simmons to navigating great vessels, (e) final form of Simmons. The labels indicate 1: Ascending aorta, 2: Brachiocephalic artery, 3: Right subclavian artery, 4: Right CCA, 5: Left CCA, 6: Left subclavian artery, 7: Aortic arc, 8: Descending aorta, 9: The Catheter. CCA: Common carotid artery