Table 2.
Intra- and inter-group comparison of changes in body composition at baseline and at the end of the study.
| CG (n = 6) | REG (n = 5) | CEG (n = 7) | p-Value b | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post | p-Value a | Baseline | Post | p-Value a | Baseline | Post | p-Value a | ||
| Weight (kg) | 74.58 ± 22.04 | 75.66 ± 18.66 | 0.633 | 73.86 ± 14.95 | 72.16 ± 16.46 | 0.335 | 67.60 ± 22.63 | 69.50 ± 27.50 | 0.449 | 0.883 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.33 ± 6.95 | 26.54 ± 5.31 | 0.788 | 26.94 ± 5.59 | 26.43 ± 6.29 | 0.374 | 24.82 ± 6.45 | 25.44 ± 7.93 | 0.466 | 0.949 |
| MAC (cm) | 33.31 ± 5.94 | 30.45 ± 4.46 | 0.197 | 31.80 ± 3.63 | 31.46 ± 5.55 | 0.722 | 28.94 ± 4.58 | 29.22 ± 5.11 | 0.545 | 0.750 |
| Waist circum. (cm) | 82.2 ± 31.99 | 93.00 ± 13.00 | 0.269 | 89.08 ± 10.94 | 86.36 ± 12.57 | 0.111 | 87.81 ± 16.75 | 89.70 ± 21.24 | 0.456 | 0.808 |
| Abd. circum. (cm) | 95.25 ± 17.44 | 97.50 ± 14.27 | 0.439 | 92.50 ± 11.91 | 90.12 ± 14.37 | 0.349 | 91.68 ± 18.04 | 93.07 ± 20.66 | 0.464 | 0.774 |
| Hip circum. (cm) | 100.35 ± 13.57 | 102.78 ± 12.02 | 0.079 | 98.88 ± 7.85 | 99.48 ± 9.06 | 0.699 | 94.12 ± 14.46 | 94.71 ± 13.69 | 0.822 | 0.495 |
| Calf circum. (cm) | 34.33 ± 2.42 | 36.50 ± 4.05 | 0.180 | 35.12 ± 3.05 | 36.34 ± 3.15 | 0.054 | 32.62 ± 4.42 | 33.35 ± 5.23 | 0.213 | 0.372 |
| FFM (kg) | 56.84 ± 10.53 | 52.70 ± 10.07 | 0.153 | 64.68 ± 14.32 | 55.99 ± 10.80 | 0.048 | 53.33 ± 16.92 | 50.35 ± 15.43 | 0.081 | 0.753 |
| PFFM (%) | 80.21 ± 18.72 | 71.50 ± 15.41 | 0.020 | 87.44 ± 7.46 | 79.30 ± 10.67 | 0.119 | 80.35 ± 17.67 | 75.07 ± 14.99 | 0.079 | 0.667 |
| BFM (kg) | 16.93 ± 16.71 | 22.86 ± 14.81 | 0.015 | 9.17 ± 5.29 | 16.16 ± 9.77 | 0.079 | 14.26 ± 13.02 | 19.18 ± 15.56 | 0.092 | 0.732 |
| PBFM (%) | 19.78 ± 18.72 | 28.50 ± 15.41 | 0.020 | 12.56 ± 7.46 | 22.50 ± 11.29 | 0.066 | 19.64 ± 17.67 | 24.92 ± 14.99 | 0.079 | 0.783 |
| SMM (kg) | 28.10 ± 6.62 | 23.73 ± 5.73 | 0.094 | 30.80 ± 7.48 | 27.68 ± 4.94 | 0.168 | 24.81 ± 9.19 | 23.55 ± 9.28 | 0.238 | 0.578 |
| PSMM (%) | 40.05 ± 11.56 | 31.92 ± 7.59 | 0.056 | 41.30 ± 4.11 | 38.90 ± 5.76 | 0.420 | 38.83 ± 9.02 | 31.19 ± 15.46 | 0.134 | 0.467 |
| Phase angle (°) | 5.87 ± 1.27 | 8.00 ± 14.67 | 0.792 | 6.66 ± 0.47 | 4.00 ± 2.64 | 0.201 | 6.43 ± 0.73 | 7.66 ± 24.34 | 0.494 | 0.194 |
| Visceral fat (L) | 1.86 ± 2.10 | 2.76 ± 1.64 | 0.031 | 1.38 ± 0.99 | 1.86 ± 1.14 | 0.024 | 1.88 ± 1.79 | 2.42 ± 2.59 | 0.275 | 0.754 |
BMI: body mass index; MAC: mid-arm circumference; Circum: circumference: FFM: fat-free mass; PFFM: percentage of fat-free mass; BFM: body fat mass; PBMF: percentage of body fat mass; SMM: skeletal muscle mass; PSMM: percentage of skeletal muscle mass. The ANOVA test for quantitative variables and the Student’s t-test for related variables were used to complete the analysis. a Intra-group p-value; b inter-group p-value. A p-value of <0.05 was considered a statistical significance parameter.