Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics, TLE indications, procedural data and ASA classification in patients depending on complications.
| Mean ± SD or Count (%) | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | No Complications (n = 256) |
Complications (n = 72) |
||
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 65.4 ± 17.1 | 64.7 ± 17.5 | 68.0 ± 15.6 | 0.1 |
| Male (n, %) | 232 (70.7%) | 181 (70.7%) | 51 (70.8%) | 0.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 5.2 | 27.3 ± 5.3 | 26.3 ± 4.7 | 0.2 |
| Heart function (LV-EF in %) | 42.6 ± 14.4 | 43.8 ± 14.1 | 38.7 ± 15.0 | 0.01 |
| Kidney function (GFR in ml/min) | 68.8 ± 27.0 | 70.9 ± 27.3 | 61.1 ± 24.5 | 0.01 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (n, %) | 128 | 96 (37.5%) | 32 (44.4%) | 0.3 |
| Dilatative Cardiomyopathy (n, %) | 56 | 41 (16.0%) | 15 (20.8%) | 0.4 |
| Channelopathy (n, %) | 11 | 9 (3.5%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.6 |
| Structural heart disease (n, %) | 37 | 30 (11.7%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.8 |
| Congenital heart disease (n, %) | 18 | 16 (6.3%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.4 |
| Other heart disease (n, %) | 78 | 64 (25.0%) | 14 (19.4%) | 0.4 |
| ASA classification | ||||
| ASA 1 (n, %) | 7 | 7 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.2 |
| ASA 2 (n, %) | 30 | 29 (11.3%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0.01 |
| ASA 3 (n, %) | 272 | 209 (81.6%) | 63 (87.5%) | 0.3 |
| ASA 4 (n, %) | 17 | 9 (3.5%) | 8 (11.1%) | 0.01 |
| TLE indications | ||||
| Pocket infection (n, %) | 47 | 36 (14.1%) | 11 (15.3%) | 0.8 |
| Lead endocarditis (n, %) | 48 | 34 (13.3%) | 14 (19.4%) | 0.2 |
| Lead failure (n, %) | 148 | 124 (48.4%) | 24 (33.3%) | 0.02 |
| Lead dislocation (n, %) | 24 | 20 (7.8%) | 4 (5.6%) | 0.6 |
| Chronic pain (n, %) | 1 | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.8 |
| Lead perforation (n, %) | 33 | 21 (8.2%) | 12 (16.7%) | 0.04 |
| Vascular complication (n, %) | 18 | 11 (4.3%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.1 |
| Patients demand (n, %) | 8 | 8 (3.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.2 |
| System relocation (n, %) | 1 | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.8 |
| Procedural data | ||||
| Duration (h) | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 0.8 | <0.01 |
| Midazolam (mg/kg) | 42.9 ± 26.5 | 43.2 ± 26.5 | 42.1 ± 26.5 | 0.8 |
| Propofol (mg/kg/h) | 3.5 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 0.1 |
| Fentanyl (µg/kg) | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 0.3 |
| Mepivacaine 1% (mL) | 38.0 ± 19.0 | 38.0 ± 18.5 | 38.1 ± 20.6 | 0.9 |
| Propofol change rates (n) | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 2.1 ± 2.2 | 2.4 ± 2.0 | 0.2 |