| T2DM | Type-2 diabetes mellitus |
| DPP-4 | Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 |
| SAR | Structure activity relationship |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GIP | Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypepide |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| IC50 | inhibitory concentration |
| cAMP | Cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| BP | Blood pressure |
| GPCR | G-protein coupled receptors |
| MOE | Molecular operating environment |
| Nm | Nanomolar |
| NaH &MsCl | sodium hydride and methanesulfonyl chloride |
| MeCN | methyl cyanide |
| TEA | triethyl amine |
| EDC | 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide |
| PrOH | Propyl alcohol |
| FDA | Food and drug administration |
| H-bond & OH | Hydrogen bond and hydroxy |
| COOH | carboxlic acid |
| EDG withEWG | Electron donating group with Electron withdrawing groups |
| µM | Micro molar |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency viruses |
| XP | Extra precision |