. 2023 Jul 26;15(15):3311. doi: 10.3390/nu15153311

Table 4.

The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for multiple sclerosis, according to the tertiles of dietary acid load ^a.

Indexes of Dietary Acid Load	Odds Ratio of Dietary Indexes of Acid Load (95% Confidence Interval)
	1st	2nd	3rd	p for Trend
Total plant-based protein (gr/day)
No. cases/no. controls	44/43	36/44	29/43
Base model ^b	1.00 (Ref.)	0.85 (0.45, 1.58)	0.73 (0.38, 1.40)	0.339
Model 1 ^c	1.00 (Ref.)	0.29 (0.13, 0.63)	0.08 (0.03, 0.23)	<0.001
Model 2 ^d	1.00 (Ref.)	0.29 (0.10, 0.90)	0.07 (0.01, 0.38)	0.002
Total animal-based protein (gr/day)
No. cases/no. controls	24/43	34/44	51/43
Base model ^b	1.00 (Ref.)	1.47 (0.74, 2.93)	2.28 (1.18, 4.41)	0.013
Model 1 ^c	1.00 (Ref.)	1.11 (0.53, 2.30)	0.87 (0.38, 2.01)	0.745
Model 2 ^d	1.00 (Ref.)	1.41 (0.47, 4.22)	0.88 (0.24, 3.26)	0.833
PRAL (mEq/day)
No. cases/no. controls	14/43	24/44	71/43
Base model ^b	1.00 (Ref.)	1.68 (0.76, 3.69)	4.88 (2.38, 10.02)	<0.001
Model 1 ^c	1.00 (Ref.)	1.83 (0.79, 4.21)	4.16 (1.94, 8.91)	<0.001
Model 2 ^d	1.00 (Ref.)	0.50 (0.13, 1.74)	0.86 (0.23, 3.18)	0.884
NEAP (mEq/day)
No. cases/no. controls	15/43	20/44	74/43
Base model ^b	1.00 (Ref.)	1.31 (0.59, 2.91)	5.03 (2.47, 10.26)	<0.001
Model 1 ^c	1.00 (Ref.)	1.01 (0.43, 2.36)	3.57 (1.69, 7.53)	<0.001
Model 2 ^d	1.00 (Ref.)	0.41 (0.12, 1.46)	0.91 (0.25, 3.31)	0.800
Protein/potassium ratio
No. cases/no. controls	15/43	20/44	74/43
Base model ^b	1.00 (Ref.)	1.31 (0.59, 2.91)	5.03 (2.47, 10.26)	<0.001
Model 1 ^c	1.00 (Ref.)	1.01 (0.43, 2.36)	3.57 (1.69, 7.53)	<0.001
Model 2 ^d	1.00 (Ref.)	0.41 (0.12, 1.46)	0.91 (0.25, 3.31)	0.800

^a Logistic regression model. ^b Adjusted for age (years), gender (male/female). ^c Additionally adjusted for BMI (Kg/m2) and total calories (Kcal). ^d Additionally adjusted for sodium (mg/day), saturated fatty acids, and fiber intake (gr/day). PRAL, potential renal acid load; NEAP, net endogenous acid production.