Table 2.

Changes in Indicators of Type 2 Diabetes by Diet Group

Parameter	Group	Baseline	Week 52	Mean Change	95% CI for Change	P-value
Glucose, mg/dL	HP	134 (5)	115 (6)	−19 (6)	(−31.0, −6.8)
	NP	130 (5)	111 (6)	−19 (6)	(−31.4, −6.4)	0.999
HbA1c, %	HP	7.2 (0.2)	6.4 (0.2)	−0.8 (0.2)	(−1.1, −0.4)
	NP	7.0 (0.2)	6.5 (0.2)	−0.5 (0.2)	(−0.9, −0.1)	0.329
Insulin, μIU/mL	HP	22.3 (1.9)	14.5 (1.7)	−7.8 (2.0)	(−11.8, −3.7)
	NP	18.8 (1.9)	11.0 (1.8)	−7.8 (2.0)	(−12.0, −3.7)	0.979
HOMA-IR	HP	7.6 (0.8)	4.5 (0.7)	−3.1 (0.8)	(−4.7, −1.6)
	NP	5.9 (0.8)	3.2 (0.7)	−2.7 (.8)	(−4.2, −1.1)	0.657

Values presented as LS MEANS (SE) with glucose values rounded to nearest whole number. Values are model based from the ITT analysis performed, including LS MEANS, change, and 95% CI.

P-value represents differences in change between diet groups (HP vs. NP)

Mixed effects model used to test the effect of time, group, and their interaction term on changes in indicators of type 2 diabetes. Both diet groups reduced, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR from baseline to week 52. There were no differences in change in any parameters by diet group (HP vs NP)

Abbreviations: dL, deciliter; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; HP, high protein; mg, milligrams; mL, milliliter; NP, normal protein; μIU, micro international unit.