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. 2023 May 13;270(9):4235–4247. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11764-5

Table 3.

Thalamic nuclei volumes mm3 [estimated marginal means ± standard error] (covariates: age, sex, education, and thalamic volume)

“Gene Negative” C9orf72 SOD1 Univariate p value and effect size Significant post hoc contrasts (Bonferroni)
Left thalamusa
 AV 137.06 ± 2.00 130.87 ± 3.25 138.34 ± 4.20 p = 0.240; η2p = 0.034
 LGN 166.12 ± 3.36 163.11 ± 5.47 165.70 ± 7.06 p = 0.899; η2p  = 0.003
 MGN 119.64 ± 1.89 122.31 ± 3.08 121.84 ± 3.97 p = 0.724; η2p  = 0.008
 Pulvinar limitans 1459.01 ± 12.86 1423.92 ± 20.91 1498.39 ± 26.98 p = 0.105; η2p  = 0.054
 LD 33.19 ± 0.89 33.24 ± 1.44 36.30 ± 1.86 p = 0.315; η2p  = 0.028
 LP 138.34 ± 1.75 141.55 ± 2.85 136.20 ± 3.67 p = 0.494; η2p  = 0.017
 Mediodorsal paratenial reuniens 1024.70 ± 8.10 963.41 ± 13.17 1014.00 ± 16.99 p < 0.001; η2p  = 0.156

C9orf72 < GeneNegative (p < 0.001);

C9orf72 < SOD1 (p = 0.072)

 Motor nuclei 1925.53 ± 12.99 1962.99 ± 21.13 1894.25 ± 6.39 p = 0.138; η2p  = 0.047
 Sensory nuclei 869.66 ± 6.39 925.78 ± 10.40 868.47 ± 13.41 p < 0.001; η2p  = 0.207

C9orf72 > GeneNegative (p < 0.001);

C9orf72 > SOD1 (p = 0.004)

 Intralaminar 438.53 ± 3.35 444.59 ± 5.44 438.28 ± 7.02 p = 0.634; η2p  = 0.011
Right thalamusb
 AV 146.04 ± 2.12 149.92 ± 3.46 140.89 ± 4.48 p = 0.305; η2p  = 0.029
 LGN 195.57 ± 3.40 199.43 ± 5.56 189.18 ± 7.19 p = 0.552; η2p  = 0.014
 MGN 128.02 ± 1.76 131.18 ± 2.88 123.64 ± 3.72 p = 0.303; η2p  = 0.029
 Pulvinar limitans 1672.23 ± 14.36 1601.58 ± 23.48 1654.62 ± 30.35 p = 0.047; η2p  = 0.072 C9orf72 < GeneNegative (p = 0.041)
 LD 30.80 ± 0.91 32.86 ± 1.49 32.28 ± 1.92 p = 0.456; η2p  = 0.019
 LP 127.60 ± 1.65 128.67 ± 2.69 133.53 ± 3.48 p = 0.312; η2p  = 0.028
 Mediodorsal paratenial reuniens 1041.07 ± 7.94 1018.39 ± 12.98 1069.44 ± 16.78 p = 0.070; η2p  = 0.063
 Motor nuclei 1950.55 ± 13.03 1967.71 ± 21.30 1929.43 ± 27.54 p = 0.565; η2p  = 0.014
 Sensory nuclei 929.49 ± 6.36 974.89 ± 10.40 936.08 ± 13.44 p = 0.002; η2p  = 0.141

C9orf72 > GeneNegative (p < 0.001);

C9orf72 > SOD1 (p = 0.088);

 Intralaminar 434.56 ± 3.63 451.30 ± 5.94 446.84 ± 7.68 p = 0.042; η2p  = 0.075 C9orf72 > GeneNegative (p = 0.062);

Age = 43.43; Sex = 1.57; Education = 14.57; Left total thalamic volume = 6311.78; Right total thalamic volume = 6655.93. Post hoc univariate comparisons across groups were performed only in case of a significant multivariate omnibus test: aWilks’ Lambda = 0.584; F (18, 148) = 2.535; p = 0.001, bWilks’ Lambda = 0.590; F (18, 148) = 2.481; p = 0.001. Partial η2 effect size is interpreted as small (η2p  = 0.01), medium (η2p  = 0.06) and large (η2p  = 0.14)