Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by lowest and highest quartile of percentage of energy intake from protein from all dairy products, milk, and cheese.
| Protein from dairy products | Protein from milk | Protein from cheese | Total dietary calcium | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | |
| Number of participants | 28,555 | 28,554 | 28,555 | 28,554 | 30,958 | 28,554 | 28,555 | 28,554 |
| Sex – Female, N (%) | 13,409 (47.0%) | 18,423 (64.5%) | 15,688 (54.9%) | 17,532 (61.4%) | 16,162 (52.2%) | 16,468 (57.7%) | 17,749 (62.2%) | 12,990 (45.5%) |
| Age at recruitment - years | 55.0 (8.0) | 56.6 (7.6) | 55.2 (8.0) | 56.6 (7.6) | 55.7 (7.8) | 55.8 (7.8) | 55.4 (7.8) | 56.2 (7.9) |
| Body mass index – kg/m2 | 26.9 (4.7) | 26.6 (4.6) | 26.7 (4.8) | 26.6 (4.5) | 27.0 (4.6) | 26.5 (4.6) | 26.9 (4.7) | 26.6 (4.5) |
| Height – centimetres | 170.3 (9.2) | 168.1 (8.9) | 169.5 (9.2) | 168.3 (9.0) | 169.3 (9.2) | 169.4 (9.1) | 167.7 (8.9) | 171.4 (9.2) |
| Physical activity - High, N (%) | 4944 (17.3%) | 4863 (17.0%) | 5127 (18.0%) | 4758 (16.7%) | 5375 (17.4%) | 4796 (16.8%) | 4453 (15.6%) | 5635 (19.7%) |
| Townsend deprivation index, N (%) | ||||||||
| Q1 - Most affluent | 5745 (20.1%) | 6512 (22.8%) | 5468 (19.1%) | 6792 (23.8%) | 6716 (21.7%) | 6073 (21.3%) | 5795 (20.3%) | 6451 (22.6%) |
| Q5 - Most deprived | 5606 (19.6%) | 6195 (21.7%) | 5447 (19.1%) | 6457 (22.6%) | 6522 (21.1%) | 5798 (20.3%) | 5648 (19.8%) | 6185 (21.7%) |
| Paid employment, N (%) | 18875 (66.1%) | 16780 (58.8%) | 18651 (65.3%) | 16691 (58.5%) | 19345 (62.5%) | 18014 (63.1%) | 18485 (64.7%) | 17284 (60.5%) |
| University/college degree, N (%) | 20793 (72.8%) | 20922 (73.3%) | 21437 (75.1%) | 20365 (71.3%) | 21288 (68.8%) | 21932 (76.8%) | 20215 (70.8%) | 21680 (75.9%) |
| White ethnicity, N (%) | 26923 (94.3%) | 27922 (97.8%) | 26908 (94.2%) | 28021 (98.1%) | 29331 (94.7%) | 27826 (97.5%) | 26956 (94.4%) | 27827 (97.5%) |
| Smoking - Never, N (%) | 15390 (53.9%) | 17192 (60.2%) | 15499 (54.3%) | 17478 (61.2%) | 18010 (58.2%) | 16055 (56.2%) | 15710 (55.0%) | 16992 (59.5%) |
| Diabetes - Yes, N (%) | 1163 (4.1%) | 1040 (3.6%) | 987 (3.5%) | 1153 (4.0%) | 1379 (4.5%) | 1072 (3.8%) | 1115 (3.9%) | 1082 (3.8%) |
| Living with a partner, N (%) | 20932 (73.3%) | 20914 (73.2%) | 20540 (71.9%) | 21502 (75.3%) | 22647 (73.2%) | 20894 (73.2%) | 20783 (72.8%) | 21235 (74.4%) |
| Women specific variables | ||||||||
| Age at menarche - years | 12.6 (2.7) | 12.5 (2.6) | 12.5 (2.7) | 12.6 (2.6) | 12.6 (2.7) | 12.5 (2.7) | 12.6 (2.7) | 12.6 (2.6) |
| Postmenopausal at recruitment, N (%) | 8308 (62.0%) | 13272 (72.1%) | 10119 (64.5%) | 12621 (72.0%) | 10931 (67.6%) | 11115 (67.5%) | 11663 (65.7%) | 9052 (69.7%) |
| Menopausal hormone therapy use - current, N (%) | 1109 (8.3%) | 1455 (7.9%) | 1334 (8.5%) | 1344 (7.7%) | 1365 (8.4%) | 1301 (7.9%) | 1597 (9.0%) | 984 (7.6%) |
| Oral contraceptive use - current, N (%) | 391 (2.9%) | 352 (1.9%) | 458 (2.9%) | 350 (2.0%) | 387 (2.4%) | 410 (2.5%) | 508 (2.9%) | 283 (2.2%) |
| Nulliparous, N (%) | 3862 (13.5%) | 2371 (8.3%) | 3483 (12.2%) | 2441 (8.5%) | 3595 (11.6%) | 2942 (10.3%) | 2741 (9.6%) | 3646 (12.8%) |
| Diet variables | ||||||||
| Alcohol intake - g/day | 20.4 (20.3) | 12.2 (12.8) | 18.9 (20.3) | 12.2 (12.6) | 16.2 (18.0) | 15.8 (16.2) | 17.4 (17.9) | 15.2 (15.6) |
| Red and processed meat intake – times/week | 3.6 (2.3) | 3.2 (2.1) | 3.3 (2.3) | 3.4 (2.0) | 3.6 (2.2) | 3.2 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.3) |
| Vegetable and fruit intake - g/day | 374.5 (235.5) | 395.4 (224.0) | 409.6 (249.6) | 365.7 (205.9) | 376.1 (235.3) | 388.4 (223.0) | 332.3 (201.5) | 436.8 (251.8) |
| Total dairy product intake - g/day | 169.8 (95.6) | 470.5 (175.0) | 178.5 (126.5) | 456.0 (160.9) | 301.7 (172.5) | 334.8 (165.5) | 184.0 (97.7) | 472.1 (182.3) |
| Total milk intake - g/day | 104.9 (84.0) | 279.5 (134.1) | 54.6 (48.9) | 332.4 (106.3) | 195.9 (125.3) | 192.3 (121.0) | 116.1 (84.5) | 280.4 (139.0) |
| Total cheese intake - g/day | 7.0 (9.4) | 29.7 (22.2) | 19.1 (19.8) | 15.0 (15.9) | 0.00 (0.00) | 40.4 (17.4) | 8.8 (11.2) | 28.2 (22.2) |
| Total protein intake - % of energy | 15.3 (3.1) | 16.9 (3.1) | 15.4 (3.2) | 17.0 (3.0) | 16.2 (3.4) | 16.1 (3.1) | 1.0 (0.8) | 1.7 (0.9) |
| Dairy product protein - % of energy | 1.3 (0.5) | 4.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.3) | 2.2 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.3) | 2.0 (1.1) | 3.8 (1.4) |
| Milk protein - % of energy | 0.7 (0.5) | 2.1 (1.0) | 0.3 (0.3) | 2.5 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) | 1.0 (0.8) | 1.7 (0.9) |
| Cheese protein - % of energy | 0.3 (0.4) | 1.5 (1.1) | 0.9 (0.9) | 0.8 (0.8) | 0.00 (0.00) | 2.0 (0.7) | 0.5 (0.7) | 1.2 (1.0) |
| Total carbohydrate intake - % of energy | 48.3 (7.8) | 50.3 (7.3) | 48.1 (8.2) | 51.2 (6.8) | 50.8 (7.6) | 47.7 (7.5) | 47.9 (8.5) | 50.5 (6.6) |
| Total fat intake - % of energy | 31.4 (6.0) | 31.3 (5.9) | 32.2 (6.2) | 30.3 (5.5) | 30.0 (5.9) | 33.2 (5.8) | 31.1 (6.3) | 32.0 (5.4) |
| Total fibre intake - g/day | 18.0 (6.1) | 17.4 (5.5) | 18.4 (6.3) | 16.9 (5.2) | 17.3 (5.9) | 17.9 (5.7) | 14.6 (4.6) | 21.2 (6.0) |
| Total dietary calcium intake – mg/day | 784 (233) | 1169 (287) | 849 (273) | 1070 (286) | 853 (260) | 1105 (295) | 644 (105) | 1359 (196) |
| Total energy intake - kJ/day | 8860 (2032) | 8094 (1816) | 8775 (2049) | 7847 (1690) | 8224 (1937) | 8607 (1951) | 7199 (1476) | 10,117 (1850) |
Values are mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.
g/day grams per day, kg/m2 kilograms per metre squared, kJ/day kilojoules per day, mg/day milligrams per day, N Number of participants, Q quantile, SD standard deviation.