Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in alcohol dependence and healthy controls.
| AD n = 33 |
HC n = 21 |
χ2/t/z | Value of p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 44.00 (36.50, 51.00) | 43.00 (27.00, 51.00) | −1.05 | 0.30 | |
| Occupation | In-service | 24 | 15 | 0.01 | 0.92 |
| Unemployed | 9 | 6 | |||
| Education years | 7.36 ± 4.26 | 8.57 ± 4.38 | −1.01 | 0.32 | |
| Marriage | Married | 28 | 15 | 1.43 | 0.23 |
| Not married | 5 | 6 | |||
| Smoking status | Yes | 30 | 16 | 3.19 | 0.07 |
| No | 3 | 6 | |||
| Income | 60000.00 (15000.00, 100000.00) | 30000.00 (10000.00, 55000.00) | −1.60 | 0.11 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.60 ± 2.29 | 22.87 ± 3.08 | −1.73 | 0.09 | |
| MoCA | 19.60 ± 6.41 | 23.79 ± 5.41 | −2.39 | 0.02 | |
| FTND | 4.00 (2.00, 6.00) | 4.00 (0.00, 6.00) | −0.69 | 0.49 | |
| HAMA | 7.00 (2.00, 10.50) | 1.00 (0.25, 2.75) | −4.32 | <0.001 | |
| HAMD | 7.00 (1.50, 11.00) | 1.00 (0.00, 2.00) | −3.71 | <0.001 | |
| PSQI | 7.00 (4.00, 15.50) | 2.50 (1.00, 4.00) | −3.76 | <0.001 | |
| Withdrawal days | 2.00 (1.00, 4.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| AD years | 10.00 (5.00, 17.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| FD age | 16.00 (15.00, 18.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| ASD | 15.00 (7.50，23.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| MSD | 27.00 (13.00, 45.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| CIWA-Ar | 17.33 ± 7.94 | NA | NA | NA | |
| PACS | 5.00 (2.50, 9.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
AD, alcohol dependence; HC, healthy controls; BMI, Body Mass Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale; FTND, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; PSQI, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; FD age, First Drinking age; ASD, Average Standard Drinks per day; MSD, Maximum Standard Drinks per day; CIWA-Ar, Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-Revised; PACS, Pennsylvania Alcohol Scale.