. 2023 Feb 28;19(9):902–911. doi: 10.1007/s12519-023-00683-0

Table 5.

Drugs causing the respective hemodynamic alteration, with a rating of “probable” according to the WHO–UMC system

Hemodynamic alterations	Frequency classification of drugs according to databases
Hemodynamic alterations	Common	Rare
Increased heart rate	Norepinephrine	Theophylline
	Albuterol; inhaled	Reproterol^a
	Dopamine	Epinephrine; inhaled
Decreased heart rate	Metoprolol; oral	Not applicable
Decreased heart rate	Fentanyl	Not applicable
Increased blood pressure	Not applicable	Methylprednisolone; oral
Increased blood pressure	Not applicable	Norepinephrine
Decreased blood pressure	Clonidine	Levomepromazine
	Sufentanil^a
	Ropivacaine^a
	Midazolam
	Propofol

Unless otherwise stated, drugs were administered by infusion or injection. Drugs with a frequency classification of “uncommon” were not identified as “probable” cause

^aThese drugs were assessed twice as “probable” causative factor for the respective hemodynamic alteration. All other drugs were assessed only once as “probable” causative factor