Skip to main content
. 2023 Aug 14;21(8):e08207. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8207
Commodity Existing/Proposed MRL (mg/kg) Source Chronic risk assessment Acute risk assessment
Input value (a) (mg/kg) Comment Input value (a) (mg/kg) Comment
Risk assessment residue definition: Difenoconazole
Grapefruits 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC

Acute exposure assessment performed only for the crops under consideration.

Oranges 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Lemons 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Limes 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Mandarins 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Other citrus fruit 0.6

FAO (2013)

0016 STMR‐RAC
Almonds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Brazil nuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Cashew nuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Chestnuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Coconuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Hazelnuts/cobnuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Macadamia 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Pecans 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Pine nut kernels 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Pistachios 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Walnuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other tree nuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Apples 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Pears 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Quinces 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Medlar 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Loquats/Japanese medlars 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Other pome fruit 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Apricots 0.7 EFSA (2017) 0.17 STMR‐RAC
Cherries (sweet) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Peaches 0.5 European Commission (2008) 0.15 STMR‐RAC
Plums 0.5 Existing MRL 0.5 MRL
Other stone fruit 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Table grapes 3 FAO (2013) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Wine grapes 3 FAO (2013) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Strawberries 2 FAO (2018) 0.42 STMR‐RAC
Blackberries 1.5 EFSA (2012) 0.04 STMR‐RAC
Dewberries 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Raspberries (red and yellow) 1.5 EFSA (2012) 0.04 STMR‐RAC
Other cane fruit 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Blueberries 4 FAO (2018) 1 STMR‐RAC
Cranberries 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Currants (red, black and white) 0.2 Existing MRL 0.2 MRL
Gooseberries (green, red and yellow) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Rose hips 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Mulberries (black and white) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Azarole/Mediteranean medlar 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Elderberries 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other other small fruit & berries 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Dates 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Figs 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Table olives 2 European Commission (2008) 0.47 STMR‐RAC
Kumquats 0.6 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Carambolas 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Kaki/Japanese persimmons 0.8 FAO (2013) 0.16 STMR‐RAC
Jambuls/jambolans 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other miscellaneous fruit (edible peel) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Kiwi fruits (green, red, yellow) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Litchis/lychees 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Passionfruits/maracujas 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Prickly pears/cactus fruits 0.15 FAO (2018) 0.034 STMR‐RAC
Star apples/cainitos 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
American persimmon/Virginia kaki 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other miscellaneous fruit (inedible peel, small) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Avocados 0.6 FAO (2015) 0.05 STMR‐RAC
Bananas 0.1 FAO (2008) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Mangoes 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Papayas 0.2 EFSA (2013) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Granate apples/pomegranates 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Cherimoyas 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Guavas 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Pineapples 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Breadfruits 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Durians 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Soursops/guanabanas 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other miscallaneous fruit (inedible peel, large) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Potatoes 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Cassava roots/manioc 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Sweet potatoes 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Yams 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Arrowroots 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other tropical root and tuber vegetables 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Beetroots 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Carrots 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Celeriacs/turnip rooted celeries 2 Existing MRL 2 MRL
Horseradishes 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Jerusalem artichokes 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Parsnips 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Parsley roots/Hamburg roots parsley 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Radishes 0.4 EFSA (2013) 0.08 STMR‐RAC
Salsifies 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Swedes/rutabagas 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Turnips 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Other root and tuber vegetables 0.4

EFSA (2013)

0.08 STMR‐RAC
Garlic 0.5

EFSA (2013)

0.01 STMR‐RAC
Onions 0.5

EFSA (2013)

0.01 STMR‐RAC
Shallots 0.5

EFSA (2013)

0.01 STMR‐RAC
Spring onions/green onions and Welsh onions 9 FAO (2013) 2.8 STMR‐RAC
Other bulb vegetables 0.5

EFSA (2013)

0.01 STMR‐RAC
Tomatoes 2 European Commission (2008) 0.72 STMR‐RAC
Sweet peppers/bell peppers 0.9 FAO (2017) 0.24 STMR‐RAC
Aubergines/egg plants 0.6 EFSA (2014a) 0.18 STMR‐RAC
Okra/lady's fingers 0.6 FAO (2018) 0.18 STMR‐RAC
Other solanaceae 0.6 FAO (2018) 0.18 STMR‐RAC
Cucumbers 0.3 EFSA (2012) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Gherkins 0.3 EFSA (2012) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Courgettes 0.3 EFSA (2012) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Other cucurbits ‐ edible peel 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Melons 0.2 EFSA (2013) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Pumpkins 0.2 EFSA (2013) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Watermelons 0.2 EFSA (2013) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Other cucurbits ‐ inedible peel 0.2 EFSA (2013) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Sweet corn 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other fruiting vegetables 0.6
Broccoli 1 EFSA (2011) 0.13 STMR‐RAC
Cauliflowers 0.2 FAO (2008) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Other flowering brassica 0.08 EFSA (2018) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Head brassica
Brussels sprouts 0.4 EFSA (2018) 0.07 STMR‐RAC
Head cabbages 0.3 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Other head brassica 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Leafy brassica 2
Chinese cabbages/pe‐tsai 2 Existing MRL 2 MRL
Kales 2 Existing MRL 2 MRL
Other leafy brassica 2 Existing MRL 2 MRL
Kohlrabies 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Lamb's lettuce/corn salads 7 EFSA (2014) 1.45 STMR‐RAC
Lettuces 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Escaroles/broad‐leaved endives 3 EFSA (2018) 0.33 STMR‐RAC
Cress and other sprouts and shoots 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Land cress 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Roman rocket/rucola 3 EFSA (2018) 0.33 STMR‐RAC
Red mustards 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Baby leaf crops (including brassica species) 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Other lettuce and other salad plants 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Spinaches 3 EFSA (2018) 0.33 STMR‐RAC
Purslanes 3 EFSA (2018) 0.33 STMR‐RAC
Chards/beet leaves 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Other spinach and similar 3 EFSA (2018) 0.33 STMR‐RAC
Grape leaves and similar species 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Watercress 0.5 Existing MRL 0.5 MRL
Witloofs/Belgian endives 4 EFSA (2018) 1.3 STMR‐RAC
Chervil 10 EFSA (2009) 4.65 STMR‐RAC
Chives 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Celery leaves 10 EFSA (2009) 4.65 STMR‐RAC
Parsley 10 EFSA (2009) 4.65 STMR‐RAC
Sage 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Rosemary 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Thyme 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Basil and edible flowers 10 EFSA (2009) 4.65 STMR‐RAC
Laurel/bay leaves 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Tarragon 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Other herbs 4 EFSA (2017) 0.52 STMR‐RAC
Beans (with pods) 1 Existing MRL 1 MRL
Beans (without pods) 1 Existing MRL 1 MRL
Peas (with pods) 1 Existing MRL 1 MRL
Peas (without pods) 1 Existing MRL 1 MRL
Lentils (fresh) 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other legume vegetables (fresh) 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Asparagus 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Cardoons 7 EFSA (2017) 1.22 STMR‐RAC
Celeries 7 EFSA (2017) 1.22 STMR‐RAC
Florence fennels 5 EFSA (2009) 1.66 STMR‐RAC
Globe artichokes 1.5 FAO (2018) 0.51 STMR‐RAC
Leeks 0.6 EFSA (2017) 0.13 STMR‐RAC
Rhubarbs 5 EFSA (2018) 0.7 STMR‐RAC
Bamboo shoots 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Palm hearts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other stem vegetables 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Cultivated fungi 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Wild fungi 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Mosses and lichens 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Algae and prokaryotes organisms 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Beans 0.06 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Lentils 0.06 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Peas 0.15 FAO (2018) 0.028 STMR‐RAC
Lupins/lupini beans 0.06 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Other pulses 0.06 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Linseeds 0.2 Existing MRL 0.2 MRL
Peanuts/groundnuts 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Poppy seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Sesame seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Sunflower seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Rapeseeds/canola seeds 0.5 Existing MRL 0.5 MRL
Soyabeans 0.1 FAO (2015) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Mustard seeds 0.2 Existing MRL 0.2 MRL
Cotton seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Pumpkin seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Safflower seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Borage seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Gold of pleasure seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Hemp seeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Castor beans 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other oilseeds 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Olives for oil production 2 European Commission (2008) 0.47 STMR‐RAC
Oil palm kernels 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Oil palm fruits 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Kapok 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Other oilfruit 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Barley 0.3 EFSA (2017) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Buckwheat and other pseudo‐cereals 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Maize/corn 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Common millet/proso millet 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Oat 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Rice 3 FAO (2018) 0.88 STMR‐RAC
Rye 0.3 MRL proposal 0.01

STMR‐RAC (Table B.1.2.1 )

0.01 STMR‐RAC (Table B.1.2.1 )
Sorghum 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Wheat 0.3 MRL proposal 0.01 STMR‐RAC (Table B.1.2.1 ) 0.01 STMR‐RAC (Table B.1.2.1 )
Other cereals 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ

Acute exposure assessment performed only for the crops under consideration.

Tea (dried leaves of Camellia sinensis) 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Coffee beans 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Chamomille 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Hybiscus/roselle 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Rose 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Jasmine 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Lime/linden 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Other herbal infusions (dried flowers) 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Strawberry leaves 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Rooibos 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Mate/maté 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Other herbal infusions (dried leaves) 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Valerian root 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Ginseng root 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Other herbal infusions (dried roots) 20 Existing MRL 20 MRL
Cocoa beans 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Carobs/Staint John's bread 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
HOPS (dried) 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Anise/aniseed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Black caraway/black cumin 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Celery seed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Coriander seed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Cumin seed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Dill seed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Fennel seed 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Fenugreek 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Nutmeg 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (seeds) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Allspice/pimento 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Sichuan pepper 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Caraway 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Cardamom 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Juniper berry 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Peppercorn (black, green and white) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Vanilla pods 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Tamarind 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (fruits) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Cinnamon 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (bark) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Liquorice 3 EFSA (2017) 0.64 STMR‐RAC
Ginger 3 EFSA (2017) 0.64 STMR‐RAC
Turmeric/curcuma 3 EFSA (2017) 0.64 STMR‐RAC
Horseradish, root spices 2.8 EFSA (2017) 0.64 STMR‐RAC
Other spices (roots) 3 EFSA (2017) 0.64 STMR‐RAC
Cloves 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Capers 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (buds) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Saffron 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (flower stigma) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Mace 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Other spices (aril) 0.3 Existing MRL 0.3 MRL
Sugar beet roots 0.2 EFSA (2013), FAO (2008) 0.02 STMR‐RAC
Sugar canes 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Chicory roots 0.6

EFSA (2013)

0.2 STMR‐RAC
Other sugar plants 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Risk assessment residue definition: Difenoconazole alcohol (CGA‐205375), expressed as difenoconazole
Swine: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.01 STMR‐RAC

Acute exposure assessment performed only for the crops under consideration (wheat and rye grain).

As no modification of the existing EU MRLs for difenoconazole in animal commodities on the basis of new intended uses of difenoconazole on wheat and rye was proposed, the acute exposure assessment for these commodities was not performed in the present opinion.

Swine: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Swine: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Swine: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Swine: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Swine: Other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Bovine: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Bovine: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Bovine: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Bovine: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Bovine: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Bovine: Other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Sheep: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Sheep: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Sheep: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Sheep: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Sheep: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Sheep: other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Goat: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Goat: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Goat: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Goat: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Goat: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Goat: other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Equine: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.01 STMR‐RAC
Equine: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Equine: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Equine: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Equine: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Equine: Other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Muscle/meat 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Fat tissue 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Liver 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Kidney 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Poultry: Other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Other farmed animals: Muscle/meat 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Other farmed animals: Fat tissue 0.05 FAO (2011) 0.012 STMR‐RAC
Other farmed animals: Liver 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Other farmed animals: Kidney 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Other farmed animals: Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) 0.2 FAO (2011) 0.041 STMR‐RAC
Other farmed animals: Other products 0.1 Existing MRL 0.1 MRL
Milk: Cattle 0.005 FAO (2011) 0.005 STMR‐RAC
Milk: Sheep 0.005 FAO (2011) 0.005 STMR‐RAC
Milk: Goat 0.005 FAO (2011) 0.005 STMR‐RAC
Milk: Horse 0.005 FAO (2011) 0.005 STMR‐RAC
Milk: Others 0.005 FAO (2011) 0.005 STMR‐RAC
Eggs: Chicken 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Eggs: Duck 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Eggs: Goose 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Eggs: Quail 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Eggs: Others 0.05 Existing MRL 0.05 LOQ
Honey and other apiculture products 0.05 0.05 LOQ
Amphibians and reptiles 0.05 0.05 LOQ
Terrestrial invertebrate animals 0.05 0.05 LOQ
Wild terrestrial vertebrate animals 0.05 0.05 LOQ

STMR‐RAC: supervised trials median residue in raw agricultural commodity; HR‐RAC: highest residue in raw agricultural commodity; PeF: Peeling factor.

(a)

Figures in the table are rounded to two digits, but the calculations are normally performed with the actually calculated values (which may contain more digits). To reproduce dietary burden calculations, the unrounded values need to be used.