Table IV.

Effect of semi-implanted selective functional electrical stimulation (SIS-FES) on kinematics during comfortable walking

Variable	Session	Orthotic effect	Training effect	Therapeutic effect	Combined effect
Speed	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	+0.07 m/s, p = 2E–5; between-group, ns	ns	ns	+0.10 m/s, p = 0.03; between-group, ns
Cadence	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	+0.08 step/s, p = 0.02; between-group, ns
	M6	+0.06 step/s, p = 1E–4; between-group, ns	ns	ns	+0.09 step/s, p = 6E–3; between-group, ns
Paretic step length	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	+0.03 m, p = 4E–4; between-group, ns	ns	ns	ns
Non paretic step length	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	+0.03 m, p = 7E–3; between-group, ns	ns	ns	ns
Ankle
Maximal dorsiflexion	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	+6°, p = 1E–5; between-group, ns
	M6	+6°, p = 2E–6; between-group, ns	ns	ns	+5°, p = 2E–4; between-group, ns
Maximal varus	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	–5°, p = 6E–5; between-group, ns	ns	ns	–3°, p = 0.04; between-group, ns
Mean dorsiflexion speed	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	SIS-FES, ns; AFO, –7°/s, p = 0.02; intergroup, p = 0.04	ns	ns	ns
Knee
Maximal flexion	M3	M3 and M6 pooled:	n/a	+2°, p = 0.03; between-group, ns	ns
	M6	–2°, p = 7E–3; between-group, ns	ns	+2°, p = 0.03; between-group, ns	ns
Mean flexion speed	M3	ns	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	ns	ns	ns	+11°/s, p = 0.04; between-group, ns
Hip
Maximal flexion	M3	ns	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	ns	ns	ns	ns
Mean flexion speed	M3	ns	n/a	ns	ns
	M6	ns	ns	ns	Ns

AFO: ankle foot orthosis; n/a: non-applicable; ns: non-significant. The results expressed the mean difference between OFF and ON conditions. p-value is extracted from post-hoc comparison using Bonferroni corrections. In the case of non-significant intergroup comparison; the result is expressed for AFO and SIS-FES pooled.