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Sleep fragmentation was mainly attributed to non-respiratory arousals in females. (A) Representative trace shows the types of arousals analyzed in female mice. Blue boxes represent arousals from sleep. Orange boxes represent apneas. The frequency of (B) spontaneous arousals was significantly increased, while the (C-D) index of apnea-related arousals was reduced in DIO mice compared to lean group. Data are shown as median ± 1.5*IQR. Independent t-test and Mann–Whitney U test.
