Figure 8.

Effects of IPPP, TMPP, and TPHP on the mRNA expression levels of the rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol biosynthesis. (A) HMGCR, a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis; (B) STAR, a cholesterol transporter; and (C) NR5A1, an upstream regulator, in H295R cells under basal and stimulated conditions. Cells were exposed to 1 of the chemicals at 1 μM or 5 μM for 48 hours. For the stimulated condition, a concentration of 10 μM forskolin was used. Data represent means ± 95% CI, n = 5. *P < .01, **P < .001, ***P < .0001 compared with control.