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. 2023 Jun 16;27(16):2340–2353. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17818

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Inhibition of ferroptosis by the treatment with MLT. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were treated with conditioned medium (CM) in the presence or absence of MLT for 24 h, and followed by testing the effects of erastin and Fer‐1 on the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). (A, B) The levels of GSH and MDA in NP cells were determined by ELISA (n = 3). (A) The level of GSH was markedly increased after the treatment with MLT, downregulated in combination with Erastin, and restored in the presence of Fer‐1. (B) The level of MDA was markedly decreased after the treatment with MLT, upregulated in combination with Erastin, and restored in the presence of Fer‐1. (C) TEM showed the morphological changes of mitochondria of NP cells. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The two groups among the five groups are compared by using an independent t‐test. The normal mitochondria were marked with green arrows, while the abnormal mitochondria with small sizes and thick membrane were marked with red arrows. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.