Table 2.
Recipient VAPP Epidemiology: Virus Serotype Associated, Age Distribution, and OPV Vaccination History of Recipient VAPP Cases
| Country (Years) | Recipient VAPP | Serotypea | Age | OPV Vaccination History | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | Multiple | <1 y | 1–4 y | 5–19 y | 20 + yrs | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4 or More | ||
| Low Income | 60 | 19 | 9 | 25 | 7 | 25 | 31 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 15 | 32 |
| 32% | 15% | 42% | 12% | 42% | 52% | 7% | 0% | 15% | 7% | 25% | 53% | ||
| India (1999) | 60 | 19 | 9 | 25 | 7 | 25 | 31 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 15 | 32 |
| Middle Income | 438 | 10 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 156 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 161 | 10 | 5 | 1 |
| 18% | 25% | 28% | 30% | 91% | 9% | 0% | 0% | 91% | 6% | 3% | 1% | ||
| Albania (1980–1995) | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Belarus (1996–2002) | 9 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 6 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Brazil (1989–1995) | 14 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Brazil (1995–2001) | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Cuba (1963–2006)a | 20 | 1 | 14 | 4 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Hungary (1961–1981)a | 32 | 3 | 2 | 27 | 0 | 21 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Latin America (1989–1991) | 85 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 24 | NA | NA | NA |
| Romania (1984–1992) | 45 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 42 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Russia (1998–2005) | 66 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 61 | NA | NA | NA | 59 | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 3 (1970–1984) | 15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 4 (1970–1984)a,b | 9 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 5 (1970–1984) | 15 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 7 (1970–1984)a | 18 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 8 (1970–1984)a | 106 | 1 | 7 | 17 | 21 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| High Income | 209 | 9 | 35 | 52 | 10 | 111 | 11 | 18 | 43 | 88 | 13 | 5 | 4 |
| 8% | 33% | 49% | 9% | 61% | 6% | 10% | 23% | 80% | 12% | 5% | % | ||
| Canada (1965–1988) | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| England / Wales (1970–1984) | 10 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| England/Wales (1985–1991) | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Japan (1971–2000) | 18 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Norway (1965–1969) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| USA (1961 −1972)a | 79 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 23 | 0 | 16 | 40 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| USA (1973–1984) | 46 | 7 | 16 | 23 | 0 | 31 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 38 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| USA (1980–1989) | 39 | 1 | 8 | 22 | 0 | 28 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| WHO No. 10 (1970–1984)b,c | 41 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 13 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO No. 11 (1970–1984) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total | 707 | 38 | 58 | 93 | 34 | 292 | 57 | 22 | 43 | 258 | 27 | 25 | 37 |
| 17% | 26% | 42% | 15% | 71% | 14% | 5% | 10% | 74% | 8% | 7% | 11% | ||
Abbreviations: Abbreviations: NA, not available; OPV, oral poliovirus vaccine; VAPP, vaccine-associated paralytic polio; WHO, World Health Organization.
Results from the following studies were excluded from calculation of serotype subtotals and totals because monovalent vaccines were used in country during the surveillance period: Cuba (1963–2006), Hungary (1961–1981), WHO No. 4 (1970–1984), WHO No. 7 (1970–1984), and WHO No. 8 (1970–1984).
Results from study were excluded from calculation of subtotals and totals to avoid double-counting data from the same country in the same period reported by 2 separate studies.
Individuals reported in the article aged 15–24 years were categorized as older than 20 years.