TABLE 3.
Ethnopharmacological data on the uses of plant species against skin ailments.
| Botanical name, family name | Local name | Plant part (s) used | Preparation | Utilization method | Ailment treated | UV | Wild (W) or cultivated (C)/Native (N) or imported (I) | Ethnobotanical reports in Greece Tsioutsiou et al. (2022) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aesculus hippocastanum L., Sapindaceae | Pikrokastania | Fruits | Melted with petroleum | Topically applied | Odemas (2) | 0.07 | W/N | + |
| Fruits (powder) | Immersed in oil | Topically applied | Oedemas (1), Haemorrhoids (1) | |||||
| Allium cepa L., Amaryllidaceae | Kremmidi | Bulbs | Heated and/or mixed with wine | Cataplasm | Bruises/contusions/oedema (10), Furuncles/spots (2), Wounds (6) | 0.32 | C/I | + |
| Bulbs | Fresh | Cataplasm | Nail inflammation (1) | |||||
| Allium sativum L., Amaryllidaceae | Skordo | Bulbs | Crushed and mixed with soap, “tsipouro” and egg white | Cataplasm | Oedema (7), Skin inflammation (7) | 0.32 | C/I | + |
| Bulbs | Smashed and mixed with vinegar | Topically applied | Insect bites (2) | |||||
| Bulbs | Fresh | Topically applied (rubbed) | Acne (1), Fungal dermatosis (1), Warts (1) | |||||
| Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Asphodelaceae | Aloi | Leaves | Fresh | Topically applied | Cuts/wounds/burns (1) | 0.02 | C/I | + |
| Anemone coronaria L., Ranunculaceae | Anemoni | Bulbs | Crushed and mixed with flour | Eaten | Haemorrhoids (4) | 0.07 | W/N | |
| Artemisia absinthium L., Asteraceae | Apsithia | Aerial parts | Decoction | Topically applied | Wounds (3) | 0.05 | W/N | + |
| Asphodelus fistulosus L., Asphodelaceae | Sferdoukli, Agiokremmida | Bulbs | Fresh | Topically applied (rubbed) | Alopecia (3), Fungal dermatosis (lichens) (1) | 0.07 | W/N | |
| Asplenium ceterach L., Aspleniaceae | Skorpidi | Leaves | Fresh | Cataplasm | Bruises/contusions (6), Wounds (1) | 0.12 | W/N | |
| Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck., Rutaceae | Lemoni | Fruits | Fruits’ juice | Cataplasm | Skin inflammation (1), Oedema (1) | 0.03 | C/I | |
| Clematis flammula L., Ranunculaceae | Agrabeli | Leaves | Fresh | Topically applied (rubbed) | Trichotillomania (6) | 0.10 | W/N | |
| Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin, Dioscoreaceae | Vergia | Fruits and rhizomes | Immersed in olive oil | Oil topically applied | Skin and muscular pain (2) | 0.03 | W/N | + |
| Equisetum arvense L., Equisetaceae | Politrichi, Ekuizeto, Komi Afroditis | Aerial parts, whole plant | Decoction | Washes | Alopecia (4) | 0.07 | W/N | + |
| Ficus carica L., Moraceae | Siko | Leaves, stems | Fresh, juice | Topically applied | Bee stings (3), Irritations (caused by U. dioica) (1) | 0.07 | W/N | + |
| Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Apiaceae | Agiomarathos | Aerial parts | Crushed | Topically applied | Wounds/cuts (2) | 0.03 | W/N | + |
| Fraxinus ornus L., Oleaceae | Fraxos, Thrapso | Flowers, stems’ bark | Fresh | Topically applied | Wounds/ulcers (6) Haemostatic (3) | 0.22 | W/N | + |
| Flowers, stems | Immersed in olive oil | Topically applied | Cuts/wounds/burns (4) | |||||
| Hedera helix L., Araliaceae | Bruskli, Kissos | Leaves | Mixed with oil and sugar | Cataplasm | Furuncles/boils (2) | 0.03 | W/N | + |
| Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H. Ohba, Crassulaceae | Gatos | Leaves | Fresh, leaves’ juice | Topically applied | Calluses (10) | 0.17 | C/I | |
| Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae | Valsamochorto, Valsamo | Aerial parts | Immersed in olive oil | Oil topically applied | Wounds/cuts/burns (16) | 1.17 | W/N | + |
| Inflorescences | Immersed in olive oil | Oil topically applied | Oedema (10), Psoriasis (10), Wounds/cuts/burns (27) | |||||
| Flowers | Mixed with wax | Cataplasm | Wounds (1)Herpes (1) | |||||
| Whole plant | Mixed with milk or immersed in olive oil | Cataplasm | Acne (1) Cuts/wounds/burns (1) | |||||
| Whole plant | Immersed in olive oil | Oil topically applied | Insect stings (1), Wounds/cuts/burns (2) | |||||
| Laurus nobilis L., Lauraceae | Dafni | Seeds | Decoction | Washes | Alopecia (3) | 0.05 | W/N | + |
| Malva sylvestris L., Malvaceae | Molocha | Leaves | Fresh | Topically applied (rubbed) | Insect stings (10), Irritations (caused by Urtica dioica L.) (10) | 0.33 | W/N | + |
| Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae | Chamomili | Flowers | Decoction | Gargles | Aphthae/mouth sores (3) | 0.38 | W/N | + |
| Flowers | Decoction | Compress | Eye inflammation (3), Aphthae/mouth sores/antiseptic (4), Fungal dermatosis (2), Burns (4) | |||||
| Inflorescences | Fresh | Topically applied | Antiseptic (2), Irritations (2) | |||||
| Whole plant | Decoction | Compress | Acne (1), Antiseptic/eye inflammation (1), Irritations (1) | |||||
| Melissa officinalis L., Lamiaceae | Melissochorto | Leaves | Fresh | Topically applied | Insect stings (1) | 0.02 | W/N | + |
| Morus nigra L., Moraceae | Muro | Fruits | Fruit juice boiled with sugar | Topically applied | Aphthae/mouth sores (21) | 0.35 | W/I | |
| Nicotiana tabacum L., Solanaceae | Kapnos | Leaves | Crushed | Topically applied | Wounds (1) | 0.02 | C/I | + |
| Olea europaea L., Oleaceae | Elia | Fruit | Oil mixed with whitewash | Topically applied | Wounds (1) | 0.02 | C/N | + |
| Parietaria officinalis L., Urticaceae | Perdikaki, Gri chorto | Stems | Boiled in red wine | Cataplasm | Wounds (1) | 0.03 | W/N | + |
| Leaves | Mixed with penicillin | Topically applied | Wounds (1) | |||||
| Plantago sp., Plantaginaceae | Pedanevro | Leaves | Fresh | Cataplasm, topically applied | Wounds (20), Insect stings/animal bites (19), Furuncles (16), Antiseptic (1), Bruises (3) | 0.97 | W/N | + |
| Prunus avium (L.) L., Rosaceae | Kerasi | Leaves | Immersed in wine, mixed with tomato pulp | Cataplasm | Wounds/burns (8) | 0.13 | C/N | |
| Quercus cerris L., Fagaceae | Pournari | Rhizomes (external part) | Decoction | Topically applied | Wounds (5), Eczema (2), Psoriasis (2) | 0.15 | W/N | |
| Quercus coccifera L., Fagaceae | Pournari | Rhizomes (external part) | Decoction | Topically applied, affected area exposed to the vapors of decoction | Eczema (16), Psoriasis (9) | 0.42 | W/N | |
| Sambucus nigra L., Viburnaceae | Sabukos | Inflorescences | Decoction | Topically applied | Wounds (2), Haemorrhoids (3) | 0.10 | W/N | + |
| Stems’ bark | Heated with olive oil | Cataplasm | Burns (1) | |||||
| Sedum urvillei DC., Crassulaceae | Amarados | Leaves | Fresh | Cataplasm | Calluses (1) | 0.02 | W/N | |
| Sinapis arvensis L., Brassicaceae | Sinapi | Seeds | Decoction | Cataplasm | Skin inflammation (1), Oedema (1) | 0.03 | W/N | |
| Solanum melongena L., Solanaceae | Melitzana | Fruits | Cooked and powdered | Topically applied | Haemorrhoids (1) | 0.02 | C/I | |
| Taraxacum sp., Asteraceae | Pikralida | Leaves | Boiled | Topically applied | Skin antiseptic (3) | 0.05 | W/N | |
| Thymus sp., Lamiaceae | Thymari | Flowers | Essential oil | Topically applied | Alopecia (1) | 0.02 | W/N | |
| Urtica dioica L., Urticaceae | Tsouknida | Aerial parts | Decoction | Washes | Alopecia (1) | 0.02 | W/N | |
| Vitis vinifera L., Vitaceae | Klima | Bark | Juice of bark | Topically applied | Freckles (2) | 0.03 | C/N | + |