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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 14.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Apr 5;150:105162. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105162

Table 2.

Percentage of Studies with Theoretically Consistent Results.

Category % (Fraction)
Total Reviewed 74% (28/38)
Emotion Regulation Constructs
 Positive Coping/Social Support-Seeking 100% (4/4)
 Emotion Regulation/Dysregulation 100% (5/5)
 Negative Affectivity/Emotional Reactivity 80% (8/10)
 Emotional Suppression 71% (5/7)
 Perseverance vs. Distraction/Disengagement 71% (10/14)
 Emotional Expression 60% (3/5)
 Cognitive Reappraisal 56% (5/9)
 Psychological Flexibility 0% (0/2)
Methodological Characteristics
 Acute Stressor 88% (7/8)
 Vulnerability-Stress* 81% (17/21)
 Longitudinal 77% (10/13)
 Not Vulnerability-Stress 69% (15/22)
 Cross-sectional 63% (12/19)

Note: *Vulnerability-Stress is defined as either (a) testing emotion regulation as a predictor of inflammatory reactivity to an acute stressor or (b) testing whether emotion regulation moderates the association between reported stress or a stress-modulating variable (e.g., anxiety symptoms) and inflammatory biology. Also, note that some individual studies fit into multiple categories.