Table 7.

One Health Governance Structures for India.

Unit Name	Potential Location	Functions
One Health Science Unit	Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor	Ensuring that the country has the scientific, laboratory, and surveillance capacity to identify emerging pathogens; coordinate with the Education and Health Ministries to ensure that One Health is prominently featured in undergraduate and graduate curricula.
One Health Strategy Unit	NITI Aayog	Working closely with the other arms of NITI Aayog, various ministries, and state governments to ensure that the overall development strategy followed by them is consistent with One Health.
Ricketssial & Protozoal Unit	Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs	Given the close links of these diseases with, among other things, rodents, poor sanitation, and poorly drafted and implemented building codes, the focus of this unit would be to ensure that the possibilities of cross-over and transmission are minimised in urban areas.
Bacterial Unit	Ministry of Agriculture	Ensuring that the possibility of crossover and transmission of bacterial pathogens is minimised during agricultural activities.
Viral Unit (Human Health)	Ministry of Travel & Tourism	Given the strong transmission links with travel, domestic and international, this unit would focus on the establishment of routine surveillance at transit points and rapid emergency response during a crisis.
One Health Unit (Wild Animal Health)	Ministry of Environment & Forests	The focus of this unit would be active surveillance of emerging pathogens, developing longer-term strategies to minimise human-wild-animal contact, and ensuring the health of wild animals.
One Health Unit (Farm Animal Health)	Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries	The focus of this unit would be active surveillance of emerging pathogens and the development of long-term strategies for safe practises.
One Health Unit (Tribal Health)	Ministry of Tribal Affairs	Given the close proximity to wildlife and forest of tribal communities, the focus of this unit would be active surveillance of emerging pathogens, on the health of tribal communities, and the possibility of zoonotic spillovers.
Zoonotic Disease Unit	Ministry of Health & Family Welfare	This unit could act as a lean information exchange unit between all the focused ministerial units; it could also ensure that all essential public health functions are carried out with high fidelity throughout the country.
District One Health Officer	Office of the District Magistrate	This individual would act as a clearing house for One Health information and would keep the District Magistrate briefed. During a crisis, this individual would act to convene all the relevant departments at the district level on behalf of the District Magistrate and keep track of all associated activities. The day-to-day work of this individual would need to be carefully structured so that even in times when there are no One Health crises, continuous progress is being made within the district on multiple aspects of One Health.