TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the studies of service utilization and outcomes among youths initiating treatment for a psychotic disorder included in the final review

Study	Typea	Design	Sample size	% of sample belonging to ethnoracially minoritized group	Use of race	Analysis using race	Reported race categories of sample	Hispanic or Latino as race or ethnicity	Location
Browne et al., 2019 (29)b,c	Quant	Cross-sectional within cluster-randomized triald	134	39	Analytical	Yes	Caucasian, African American, other	Ethnicity	17 clinics throughout the United States
Brunette et al., 2018 (30)e	Quant	Cross-sectional within cluster-randomized triald	404	46	Focus	Yes	White, African American, other	Ethnicity	21 U.S. states
Cruz et al., 2017 (31)b	Quant	Observational, prospective	44	66	Not used	No	White, Black or African American, Asian, multiracial, other	Ethnicity	Boston
Goulding et al., 2010 (32)e	Quant	Observational, prospectivef	109	94	Focus	>90% one race	African American, White/Caucasian, Asian-American, African/Ethiopian	Not reported	Atlanta
Hernandez et al., 2019 (33)c,g	Qual	Observational, prospective	84	100	Focus	>90% one race	Latino	Racial-ethnic minority	San Fernando Valley, California
Heun-Johnson et al., 2021 (34)b	Quant	Observational, retrospective	3,017	21	Focus	Yes	Black, Hispanic, White	Race	Across United States
Jones et al., 2019 (35)e	Mixed	Case-control, retrospective	130	67	Focus	Yes	White, African American, Latino/a, East Asian, Southeast Asian, South Asian, Samoan	Race	San Francisco Bay Area
Jones et al., 2021 (45)b,g	Quant	Observational, prospectiveh	761	72	Analytical	Yes	White (non-Hispanic), Black (non-Hispanic), Hispanic, other	Ethnicity	New York State (multiple sites)
Li et al., 2011 (36)e	Quant	Observational, prospective	199	31	Focus	Yes	African American, Caucasian	Not reported	Pittsburgh
Liffick et al., 2017 (37)b	Quant	Observational, retrospective, case-control	151	68	Not used	No	African American, Caucasian, other	Not reported	Indianapolis
López et al., 2018 (38)b,g	Mixed	Observational, prospective	148	100	Focus	>90% one race	Latino	Racial-ethnic minority	San Fernando Valley, California
Marino et al., 2020 (39)e	Quant	Observational, prospectiveh	938	74	Analytical	Yes	White (non-Hispanic), Black (non-Hispanic), Hispanic, other	Ethnicity	New York State (multiple sites)
Myers et al., 2019 (7)b,g	Qual	Observational, prospective	18	89	Focus	Yes	Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, White	Race	North Texas
Myers et al., 2017 (40)b	Quant	Observational, prospectivef	33	100	Analytical	>90% one race	African American, not specified	Not reported	Atlanta
Nagendra et al., 2018 (41)b	Quant	Observational, case-control analysis of baseline data from cluster-randomized triald	404	46	Focus	Yes	Caucasian, Black American	Not reported	21 states
Oluwoye et al., 2020 (42)b,g	Quant	Observational, cohort, prospective	211	57	Analytical	Yes	White, Latino, Black, other (multiracial, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native, Pacific Islander)	Race	Washington State (multiple sites)
Oluwoye et al., 2018 (44)b,e,g	Quant	Subanalysis of cluster-randomized triald	404	61	Focus	Yes	Non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Asian, Alaska Native/Native American, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic Black, Hispanic other	Ethnicity	21 states
van der Ven et al., 2020 (43)b	Quant	Observational, retrospective	8,021	23	Focus	Yes	Non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, African American, Asian	Ethnicity	Across United States

^aMixed, mixed methods; qual, qualitative; quant, quantitative.

^bService utilization domain.

^cService provider characteristics (clinic) domain.

^dData set used in the study originated from a RAISE-ETP (Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode early treatment program) trial.

^eOutcomes domain, including recovery.

^fData set originated from the Atlanta Cohort on Early Course of Schizophrenia.

^gFamily and cultural factors domain.

^hData set originated from OnTrackNY.