Table 1. Identified Frameworks for Assessing and Monitoring Corporate Impact on Health .

First Author (Year)	Framework	Industry	Method	Findings
Trochim46 (2003)	American Stop Smoking Intervention Study Model	Tobacco	Concept mapping	Identified four overarching practice clusters: science public relations, issue framing, harassment, and lobbying tactics.
Wiist42 (2006)	Recommendations for linking public health and the “anti-corporate movement”	All	Expert opinion	Identified 18 measures relating to activity of the corporate entity and 16 public health status indicators.
Jahiel9 (2008)	Epidemiologic cascade framework	All	Theory based- adaptation of the agent-host-environment model	Five levels of analysis identified: government, corporations, corporate conduits, the environment of the host, and the host itself. Multiple objects of surveillance identified at each level.
Stillman45 (2008)	Mapping tobacco industry strategies in Southeast Asia	Tobacco	Concept mapping	Eight clusters of industry activities within 4 Southeast Asian countries arranged into four sectors: economics (avoid economic regulation, business/investment strategies), politics (lobbying/political influence, silence/reduce opposition), public relations (self-serving industry youth programmes, marketing tactics/image building) and deception (deceiving public, corrupting and manipulating science).
Sacks37 (2013)	Business impact assessment - obesity	Food	Theory based- adapted from Access to Nutrition Index	Evaluation of corporations’ commitment to reducing obesity/NCD in the following domains: corporate strategy, relationships with external organisations, product formulation, nutrition labelling, promotion to children/adolescents and product accessibility.
Baum29 (2015)	Corporate health impact assessment	All	Brainstorming	Identifies three tiers of transnational corporations impact within a country: context (corporate structure, status, political environment, regulatory capacity), structure (size, operational structure including political and business practices, products, distribution, marketing) and health impact (occupational health, social conditions, natural environment, health related behaviours, economic conditions).
Mialon40 (2015)	Corporate political activity assessment	Food	Theory based-adaptation of Savell taxonomy of corporate political activity	Six overarching strategies of corporate political activity identified: information and messaging, financial incentive, constituency building, legal, policy substitution, opposition fragmentation and destabilisation. Within each strategy multiple practices and mechanisms were identified.
Ulucanlar47 (2016)	Policy Dystopia Model	Tobacco	Thematic analysis of literature using grounded theory approach	Developed taxonomy of instrumental strategies and techniques used by the tobacco industry.
Knai48 (2018)	Systems thinking framework	All	Theory based- adaption of systems thinking proposed by Meadows	Identifies market and nonmarket components of UCI strategies. Examines the NCD-genic systems using elements (actors, market access/trade, consumption patterns), interconnections (physical/information flows) and purpose (goals of corporation and government).
Madureira Lima17 (2018)	Three-dimensional view of power	All	Theory based- Adaptation of Steven Luke’s three-dimensional view of power	Identifies five vehicles of power used by UCIs: political environment, preference shaping, knowledge environment, legal environment and extra-legal environment.
McCambridge18 (2019)	Systematic review of public health surveillance studies of the alcohol industry	Alcohol	Systematic review	Identified 6 frameworks for public health surveillance of alcohol industry market and political strategies.
Keshavarz Mohammadi49 (2020)	OSRAH	All	Literature review and focus group discussion	Developed conceptual framework organisation social responsibility and accountability for health which outlined five domains of OSRAH and six aspects of organisations. A tool for assessment against the conceptual framework was also developed and used to assess 95 organisations at a national conference in Iran.
Wood41 (2021)	Narrative review of commercial determinants of health frameworks	All	Narrative review and synthesis	Identified 22 frameworks describing commercial determinants of health and synthesised to incorporate theories of power.
Legg36 (2021)	The Science for Profit Model	All	Scoping review and interpretive analysis	Identified eight corporate sectors repeatedly engaging in activities to influence science, including manipulation of scientific methods; reshaping of criteria for establishing scientific “proof”; threats against scientists’ and clandestine promotion of policy reforms that increase reliance on industry evidence.

Abbreviations: UCI, unhealthy commodity industry; NCD, non-communicable disease; OSRAH, Organisational Social Responsibility and Accountability for Health.