Table 3.
Nanotechnology-based delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9.
| Delivery system | Cargo options | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polymer nanoparticles | RNP plasmid DNA; RNP complex; Cas9 mRNA; sgRNA; donor DNA | High biocompatibility; low immunogenicity; ability to reduce off-target effects; mass production; low cost | Toxicity; limited delivery efficiency |
| Golden nanoparticles | RNP plasmid DNA; RNP complex; Cas9 mRNA; sgRNA; donor DNA | High biocompatibility; low immunogenicity; ability to reduce off-target effects; mass production; low cost | Limited delivery efficiency |
| Lipid nanoparticles | RNP plasmid DNA; RNP complex; Cas9 mRNA; sgRNA; donor DNA | High biocompatibility; low immunogenicity; ability to reduce off-target effects; mass production; low cost | Degradation in vivo |