Fig. 4.

KDS-5104-PPARα pathway promotes phagocytosis and Aβ clearance. (a) Representative images of fluorescent beads (green) uptake in Iba1 (red) positive WT and PPARαKO primary microglia cultures treated with vehicle or 10 µM KDS-5104 for 8 h. (b) Quantification of the percentage of microglia positive cells with fluorescent beads (n = 6/condition). (c) Representative images of CD36 (green) and Iba1 (red) staining in primary WT and PPARαKO microglia cultures treated with vehicle or KDS-5104. (d) Quantification of CD36 fluorescence intensity per cell of ~ 100 cells (n = 7–9/condition). (e) Time course of fluorescent labeled Aβ (green) and DAPI (white) in vehicle or KDS-5104 treated WT microglial cultures with or without pretreatment with the CD36 neutralizing antibody. (f) Analysis of Aβ fluorescence intensity per cell of ~ 100 cells at time of zero of Aβ removal (n = 6/condition). (g) Quantification of the percentage of baseline fluorescence remaining 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after the removal of Aβ (n = 6/condition). Scale bars: 100 μm. For all panels, data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns: non-significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. One way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests as the post hoc analysis