Table 2.
Summary of the longitudinal studies with altered short-term BPV and association with incident chronic kidney disease
| Study | Study subject | No. of subjects | Indices of BPV | Type of association | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| An et al. [63] | General population | 102 | Nondipping | Positive | New occurrence of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR > 30 mg/gCr |
| Cho et al. [19] | HTN | 995 |
Nondipping or reverse dipping |
Positive | New occurrence of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR > 30 mg/gCr |
| Jhee et al. [17] | HTN | 1,173 | ARV | Positive | New occurrence of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 30% decline in eGFR from baseline, or new occurrence of UPCR > 300 mg/gCr |
| McMullan et al. [18] | General population | 603 | Nondipping | Positive | New occurrence of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or annual decline in eGFR |
| Turak et al. [64] | HTN | 622 | MBPS | Positive | New occurrence of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 |
BPV Blood pressure variability, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, UACR Urine albumin to creatinine ratio, HTN Hypertensive, ARV Average real variability, UPCR Urine protein to creatinine ratio, MBPS Morning blood pressure surge