Figure 4. .

Auditory lexical representations emerge in the auditory word form area (AWFA) for pseudowords after familiarization training. Within-subject (n = 16) adaptation profile for auditory real words (RW), untrained pseudowords (UTPW), and trained pseudowords (TPW). RW adaptation profile shows tuning to individual RWs consistent with an auditory lexicon. UTPWs show a graded release from adaptation as a function of phonological similarity. Importantly, following familiarization training, adaptation patterns in the AWFA to the same pseudowords (now TPW) reveal tight lexical tuning, similar to RW. Horizontal black line in violin plots indicates the median. ***, **, *, and N.S. mark p < 0.001, <0.01, <0.05, and not significant (>0.1), all Bonferroni-corrected.