Skip to main content
. 2023 Jul 28;5:1193467. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1193467

Table 1.

Parameters and characteristics.

Dependent variables
Mortality
Categories
Expired
Survived
n
615
4,756
%
11.45
88.55
Independent variables Categories Expired Survived
n % n %
Patients’ sociodemographic characteristics
Age Young adults 10 0.19 621 11.56
Middle adults 158 2.94 2,345 43.66
Older adults 447 8.32 1,790 33.33
Sex Female 256 4.77 2,400 44.68
Male 359 6.68 2,356 43.87
Race Black 158 2.94 1,518 28.26
Others 325 6.05 2,444 45.50
White 132 2.46 794 14.78
Ethnicity Hispanic 220 4.10 1,572 29.27
Non-Hispanic 395 7.35 3,184 59.28
Smoking status Never 459 8.55 3,992 74.33
Former 139 2.59 642 11.95
Current 17 0.32 122 2.27
Pre-hospital comorbidities
COPD No 512 9.53 4,388 81.70
Yes 103 1.92 368 6.85
Kidney disease (stages 1 to 4) No 398 7.41 4,112 76.56
Yes 217 4.04 644 11.99
Kidney disease (stg5) No 584 10.87 4,606 85.76
Yes 31 0.58 150 2.79
Diarrhea No 420 7.82 4,133 76.95
Yes 195 3.63 623 11.60
Hypertension No 82 1.53 1,731 32.23
Yes 533 9.92 3,025 56.32
Diabetes No 266 4.95 2,931 54.57
Yes 349 6.50 1,825 33.98
Pneumonia No 307 5.72 2,858 53.21
Yes 308 5.73 1,898 35.34
Heart failure No 462 8.60 4,166 77.56
Yes 153 2.85 590 10.98
Cardiac arrhythmias No 484 9.01 4,213 78.44
Yes 131 2.44 543 10.11
Coronary artery disease No 439 8.17 4,072 75.81
Yes 176 3.28 684 12.74
Dependence on renal dialysis No 585 10.89 4,643 86.45
Yes 30 0.56 113 2.10
Cerebrovascular disease No 563 10.48 4,471 83.24
Yes 52 0.97 285 5.31
BMI Underweight 16 0.30 59 1.10
Normal weight 120 2.23 755 14.06
Overweight 179 3.33 1,379 25.67
Obesity 267 4.97 2,252 41.93
Liver disease No 592 11.02 4,661 86.78
Yes 23 0.43 95 1.77
Asthma No 600 11.17 4,606 85.76
Yes 15 0.28 150 2.79
HIV No 612 11.39 4,703 87.56
Yes 3 0.06 53 0.99
Cancer No 556 10.35 4,502 83.82
Yes 59 1.10 254 4.73
Medications
ARBs No 423 7.88 3,555 66.19
Yes 192 3.57 1,201 22.36
ACEIs No 364 6.78 3,147 58.59
Yes 251 4.67 1,609 29.96