Table 1. Characteristics of study cohort.

	CTRL (n = 38)	EpNd (n = 45)	OV+ EpNd (n = 61)	p value
Median age [range]	25.5 years [13–54]	21.5 years [7–38]	21 years [7–50]	p = 0.732
Sex	50.0% males	48.8% males	42.6% males	p = 0.722
	50.0% females	51.2% females	57.4% females
Individuals with seizures in last 12 months	0%	73.7%	71.9%	p = 0.851
MF+ individuals	0%	0%	55.7%	p< 0.001
MF/g of skin [mean, range]	0	0	7.48 [0.50–114.2]

According to their diagnostic status, individuals were categorized as CTRL (without O. volvulus infection and epilepsy disorder or nodding syndrome), EpNd (with epilepsy disorders or nodding syndrome) or OV⁺ EpNd (O. volvulus infected presenting epilepsy disorders or nodding syndrome). p values denote statistical differences between the groups for that parameter tested by chi square test.