Table 4. Summary of qualitative analysis of responses from people with TB and health care workers by COM-B Category.

		Capability	Opportunity	Motivation
FINDINGS ACROSS ALL SITES
Facilitators	People with TB	Knowledge that DATs are designed to improve TB medication adherence.	DATs saved time and money that would have otherwise been spent traveling to the clinic.	DATs facilitate adherence monitoring and support DAT reminders to take TB medicines improved adherence
	Health Care Workers	Training perceived as adequate, relevant, and clear.	Greatly reduced workload, enabling HCWs to spend more quality time with people that needed extra support.	DATs facilitated easy adherence monitoring and follow-up/adherence support. Convenience (could monitor adherence at a convenient time and place). Perceived that DATs improved people with TB adherence and TB outcomes DATs improved relationship between HCWs and people with TB (e.g. trust & communication)
Barriers	People with TB		Challenges with charging phones and evriMED box noted by some men.
SITE SPECIFIC FINDINGS
Barriers	People with TB	Philippines: Confusion about purpose of 99DOTS. Forgetting to call/text the platform.	Tanzania: Lack of access to a phone and phone credit Philippines: Technical issues with the platform (e.g. does not register text messages sent by people with TB) Phone/internet service interruptions	Ukraine: Dislike material (cardboard) and large size of evriMed box
	Health Care Workers		Tanzania: People with TB lack phone credit to call 99DOTS Ukraine evriMed and Philippines 99DOTS: technical issues with DATs Ukraine: Box does not close tightly/register when open & close it to take medications; battery does not charge Philippines: 99DOTS platform does not register text messages from people with TB confirming doses taken; platform down 2–3 times a month.

TB: tuberculosis; HCW: health care worker